北京市北运河水体中抗生素污染特征及风险评估

为评价北京市北运河水体中抗生素的污染特征和风险水平，采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS),对北运河流域水体中的抗生素浓度进行了分析.结果表明，12个采样点总浓度为59.19～703.44 ng·L^-1,共检出4类7种抗生素，包括磺胺吡啶、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素、罗红霉素、红霉素、氧氟沙星和林可霉素.其中，克拉霉素、阿奇霉素、罗红霉素、氧氟沙星和林可霉素的检出率为100%,红霉素的检出率为41.67%,磺胺吡啶的检出率为33.33%.与国内部分流域相比，北运河流域水体中阿奇霉素、红霉素和克拉霉素处于较高水平.生态风险评估结果表明，抗生素对藻类的风险为高风险.健康风险评估结果表明，磺胺吡啶、林可霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素和红霉素无潜在健康风险，克拉霉素的人体健康风险为低风险.

Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in Beiyun River Basin in Beijing

To investigate the pollution characteristics and risk levels of antibiotics in water of the Beiyun River Basin in Beijing, the concentration of antibiotics was analyzed by using the solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS) method. The results showed that seven types of four categories of antibiotics were detected in the samples from 12 sampling points; the total concentration of antibiotics including sulfapyridine, clarithromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin, erythromycin, ofloxacin, and lincomycin ranged from 59.19 to 703.44 ng·L^-1. Among these antibiotics, the detection rate of clarithromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin, ofloxacin, and lincomycin was 100%; that of erythromycin was 41.67%; and that of sulfapyridine was 33.33%. Compared with that in some rivers in China, the Azithromycin, Erythromycin, and Clarithromycin in the Beiyun River Basin were at a relatively high level. The ecological risk assessment results showed that the most sensitive species was algae. The health risk quotients indicated that sulfapyridine, lincomycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, and erythromycin presented no risk for every age group, whereas the health risk of clarithromycin was at a low level.