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酸性矿山废水天然中和形成的富铁沉淀及其环境属性
引用本文:周跃飞,谢越,周立祥.酸性矿山废水天然中和形成的富铁沉淀及其环境属性[J].环境科学,2010,31(6):1581-1588.
作者姓名:周跃飞  谢越  周立祥
作者单位:南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院环境工程系,南京,210095
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目 
摘    要:采集了云南王家滩铁矿的酸性矿山排水及其与溪流中和后的溪水与沉积物, 运用谱学及电子显微分析等方法,对采集样品的化学及矿物学等方面的特征进行了分析. 结果表明, 王家滩铁矿的酸性矿山排水在与未污染溪水中和时, 酸度和电导率均显著降低, 但元素的浓度变化不很一致, 沿水流方向,除Fe3+、SO2-4、 Ca2+等少数元素, 大多数元素的浓度都未发生明显的降低. 中和成因沉淀物具有富铁的特征,矿物组成以水铁矿为主, 此外在下游沉积物中还见有少量针铁矿及纤铁矾. 其中上游中和区水铁矿以2线水铁矿为主, 下游以6线水铁矿为主. 而各处沉积均具有明显的分层特征,且均为外层以2线水铁矿为主, 内层以6线水铁矿及针铁矿为主. 以水铁矿为主要矿物的中和沉积物对各种有毒有害元素具有较强的吸持作用. 对这些结果的进一步分析表明, 在成因上,pH值和SO2-4的浓度共同控制了水铁矿的形成;在重(类)金属吸持方面,水铁矿的迁移及相应的对AMD中重(类)金属的自净化作用受中和区域的水动力条件影响较大.

关 键 词:酸性矿山废水  中和  沉淀  水铁矿  环境属性
收稿时间:2009/8/12 0:00:00
修稿时间:2009/9/21 0:00:00

Formation and Environmental Implications of Iron-enriched Precipitates Derived from Natural Neutralization of Acid Mine Drainage ZHOU Yue-fei, XIE Yue, ZHOU Li-xiang
ZHOU Yue-fei,XIE Yue and ZHOU Li-xiang.Formation and Environmental Implications of Iron-enriched Precipitates Derived from Natural Neutralization of Acid Mine Drainage ZHOU Yue-fei, XIE Yue, ZHOU Li-xiang[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2010,31(6):1581-1588.
Authors:ZHOU Yue-fei  XIE Yue and ZHOU Li-xiang
Abstract:Acid mine drainage (AMD) and its natural neutralizing products in Wangjiatan iron mine were collected and analyzed by using spectroscopic and electron microanalytic methods. The results show that after natural neutralization of AMD by surface water of the stream, acidity and electric conductivity of AMD are both decreased. While for dissolved elements, no other element is obviously decreased except for Fe3+, SO2-4, and Ca2+. For precipitates formed by natural neutralization, Fe is enriched and ferrihydrite is the main iron mineral, with little amount of goethite and fibroferrite contained in downstream precipitates. To ferrihydrite, 2-line and 6-line ferrihydrite are the main mineral type in upstream and downstream precipitates, respectively. Furthermore, for all precipitates, two layers are observed. In outer layer 2-line ferrihydrite is the main mineral, while in inner layer 6-line ferrihydrite and goethite are the main minerals. Ferrihydrite dominated precipitates are favorable in immobilizing toxic and hazardous elements. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that pH and the concentration of SO2-4 are decisive factors for ferrihydrite formation. The ferrihydrite translocation and its attenuation for toxic elements are, to a great extent, affected by hydrodynamics in neutralization zone.
Keywords:acid mine drainage(AMD)  neutralization  precipitate  ferrihydrite  environmental implication
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