涂料制造行业挥发性有机物排放成分谱及影响

采用不锈钢采样罐对华东地区8家涂料制造企业生产车间排口进行采集，运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）测定了106种VOCs组分，识别了VOCs排放特征，建立了溶剂型涂料和水性涂料VOCs排放成分谱，分析了VOCs对臭氧生成的贡献.结果表明，涂料制造行业VOCs特征组分主要为芳香烃和含氧烃，两者浓度范围在65.5%~99.9%，溶剂型涂料VOCs排放主要以芳香烃为主，占总VOCs的63.0%~94.0%；水性涂料VOCs排放主要以含氧烃为主，占总VOCs的54.5%~99.9%.间/对-二甲苯（32.4%）、乙苯（19.0%）和乙酸乙酯（12.1%）为溶剂型涂料源排放特征，乙酸乙酯（83.7%）与2-丁酮（8.0%）为水性涂料源排放特征.芳香烃和含氧烃是涂料制造行业的主要活性组分，对臭氧生成潜势（OFP）的总贡献率在92.9%~99.9%之间.源反应活性分析（SR）表明，水性涂料单位质量VOCs对臭氧的生成贡献低于溶剂型涂料，因此可显著降低臭氧的生成潜势.研究显示，针对涂料制造行业VOCs污染治理，应重点关注芳香烃和含氧烃中对臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的VOCs组分，进行源头和精细化控制.

Source Profiles and Impact of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Coating Manufacturing Industry

SUMMA canisters were used to collect the exhaust gas from eight coating manufacturers in East China. A total of 106 VOCs was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to identify the emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the contribution of VOCs emitted by various companies to ozone generation, and the source profiles of solvent-based and water-based coatings were established. The results show that the characteristic components of VOCs in the coating manufacturing industry are mainly aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons. The concentration ranges from 65.5% to 99.9%. The VOC emissions of solvent-based coatings were mainly aromatic hydrocarbons, accounting for 63.0%-94.0% of total VOCs; VOC emissions from waterborne coatings were mainly composed of oxygenated hydrocarbons, accounting for 54.5% to 99.9% of the total VOCs. m,p-xylene (32.4%), ethylbenzene (19.0%), and ethyl acetate (12.1%) were solvent-based coating sources, and ethyl acetate (83.7%) and 2-butyl ketone (8.0%) were the sources of waterborne coating emissions. Aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons are the main active components in the coating manufacturing industry, with a total contribution to the ozone generation potential (OFP) ranging from 92.9% to 99.9%. Source reactivity (SR) analysis showed that the VOCs per unit mass of water-based coatings contributed much less to the formation of ozone than solvent-based coatings, so water-based coatings significantly reduced the potential for ozone generation. Studies have shown that for VOC pollution control in the coating manufacturing industry, attention should be paid to the VOCs that contribute more to the ozone-forming potential of aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons, and VOC emissions should be controlled from the source.