长江三角洲地区秸秆露天焚烧大气污染物排放清单及其在空气质量模式中的应用

基于长江三角洲江苏、安徽、浙江和上海地区2008年粮食产量的统计年鉴,结合作物谷草比、排放因子等估算了上述地区2008年秸秆焚烧排放污染物清单,重点完善了各县级市污染物排放.结果表明2008年江苏、安徽、浙江和上海地区SO2、NOx、CO、CO2、PM2.5、BC、OC、NH3、CH4、NMVOC的排放总量分别为14.28、86.01、1 744.56、36 893.03、517.54、11.74、114.63、19.93、89.37和208.57 kt.江苏中部和北部、安徽北部地区秸秆露天焚烧污染物排放较多,而江苏南部和浙江地区污染物排放量较少.将建立的秸秆露天焚烧排放污染物清单应用于WRF-CMAQ空气质量模式,结果表明,考虑秸秆焚烧排放源后,对PM10、CO等大气污染物的模拟能力大幅提高,模拟浓度比使用原始排放源分别提高42%和28%,模拟浓度与实测浓度的相关系数分别提高0.25和0.17,模拟值较使用原始排放源更加贴近实测值.

Applications of Pollutants Released form Crop Residues at Open Burning in Yangtze River Delta Region in Air Quality Model

Based on the data of crop yields in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang provinces and Shanghai regions in 2008 from government statistics, and the total amount of crop residues, the mass ratio of crop residue to grain and emission factors of crop residue burning, the emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants on counties resolution were constructed over Yangtze River Delta. The results showed the pollutants including SO₂, NO_x, CO, CO₂, PM_2.5, BC, OC, NH₃, CH₄ and NMVOC were estimated at 14.28, 86.01, 1744.56, 36893.03, 517.54, 11.74, 114.63, 19.93, 89.37 and 208.57 kt respectively. The high value centers of emission sources were over the central and northern of Jiangsu province and the northern of Anhui provinces, and the emission sources over southern of Jiangsu and the Zhejiang provinces were lower. The emission inventory was used in a Regional Air Quality Modeling System, WRF-CMAQ. In comparison with the old emission inventory, the simulations of PM₁₀, CO with emission of crop residues burning increased by 42% and 28% respectively and correlation coefficients between simulations and observations also increased by 0.25 and 0.17 respectively, which were more close to observations.