工业废水中不可(或难)生物降解物质量的测定

一、前言 废水的生物处理主要是利用微生物(厌氧性、兼性或好氧性)的活动降解废水中的污染物质。这些污染物是有机物或个别无机物如硫、氰等。生物处理仅能对可生物降解的物质起作用,一般废水中绝大多数的有机物都能不同程度地被微生物所降解,但是仍有相当一部分有机物不能被微生物所利用,或者很难为微生物利用,如造纸废水中的木质素、化工废水中的不溶性物质等,其抗降解能力大,通常认为是不可降解的,还有象纤维素类物质等也是相当难生物降解的。

Determination of the Quantity of Nonbiodegra-dable/Nonremoval Substances in Industrial Wastewater

According to the kinetics of biological process,this paper has proposed the determination of the quantity of nonbiodegradable substances in wastewater,which is then applied to the process of an anaerobic treatment and an aerobic treatment respectively. The results are as follows:(1) In the anaerobic treatment of cotton pulp black liquor with an UASB reactor,when the COD concentration of the influent is 10-13g/L,the concentration of nonbiodegradable subsctances,through measuring and calculating,is 4.147g COD/L. Thus,the average value of the maximum COD removal is 63.3%. Meanwhile,in the batch experiment of the anaerobic treatment of cotton pulp black liquor,the result obtained in the same way it the maximum COD removal can be 63.9%,which further supports this result.(2) As for the wine lees with the activated sludge process,the average value of the maximum COD removal can be expected to be 86.8%.