深圳市清水河垃圾焚烧厂周围地区优势植物的汞污染研究

为研究垃圾焚烧厂对周围植物的汞污染状况,分析了深圳市清水河垃圾焚烧厂周围优势植物茎叶以及土壤的总汞浓度.结果表明,该垃圾焚烧厂周围的优势植物均受到一定程度的汞污染,叶总汞浓度为0.0309~0.2467 mg.kg-1,平均值为0.0948 mg.kg-1,所选择的6种优势植物叶总汞的浓度:台湾相思豺皮樟马占相思大叶相思木荷梅叶冬青;茎总汞浓度为0.0074~0.1196 mg.kg-1,平均值为0.0417 mg.kg-1.同种植物茎叶总汞浓度呈显著正相关,而植物茎叶的总汞浓度与土壤总汞浓度并无显著相关性;在该垃圾焚烧厂主导风向的下风向,距污染源的距离和地形差异共同对烟气扩散浓度产生影响,而植物茎叶总汞浓度变化则与烟气扩散浓度的空间分异格局基本吻合.上述结果充分证明,本研究区内烟气-叶的交互作用在植物与环境的汞交换中占据主导地位.

Mercury Pollution Investigation in Predominant Plants Surrounding Shenzhen Qingshuihe Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant

In order to investigate the effects of mercury emission from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) on the surrounding plants and soils, the mercury concentrations were examined in the plant samples including leaves and stems and the soil samples around Shenzhen Qingshuihe MSWI Plant. Results show that, these plants are significantly polluted by mercury, the mercury concentrations of the plant leaves are 0,030 9-0.246 7 mg·kg~(-1) , with the mean value 0.094 8 mg·kg~(-1), among the local prominent plants, the mercury concentrations in the leaves are in the order of: Acacia confuse > Litsea rotundifolia > Acacia mangium > Acacia auriculaeformis > Schima superb > Ilex asprella . The mercury concentrations of the plant stems are 0.007 4-0.119 6 mg · kg~(-1), with the mean value 0.041 7 mg · kg~(-1). For the same plant, the mercury concentration in its leaf correlates positively with that in its stem, but presents little correlation with that in the soil where it grows. Under the direction of the dominant wind, the concentration of smoke diffusion is often influenced by the distance from the stack and the difference of terrain. The mercury concentrations of the plant leaves and stems vary almost in accordance with spatial heterogeneity patterns of smoke diffusion. These results demonstrate that the interaction of the smoke and plant leaves play the leading role in the mercury exchange between plants and environment.