天津典型水环境表层沉积物中营养盐含量及动态特征

对天津4个典型水环境(于桥水库、海河干流、海河大沽口和渤海湾天津近岸海域)表层沉积物(0～25 cm)中有机物(OM)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、有效磷(BAP)等的含量进行了测定，采用与土壤背景值及历年监测数据进行比较的方法，研究天津典型水环境表层沉积物中营养盐富集水平和动态特征.结果表明，天津4种典型水环境表层沉积物均已受人为污染，但仍属于多数底栖生物可承受的污染水平，海河干流营养盐含量明显比海河大沽口、于桥水库和天津近岸海域高，呈现由海河干流、海河大沽口和天津近岸海域递减的趋势，OM、TN、TP和BAP的富集系数(EF)分别达到了1.6～6.5、 0.9～2.7、 0.9～2.6和4.4～9.2；不同水环境沉积物中BAP含量的高低与TP含量并不一致，于桥水库表层沉积物中BAP占TP的比值最大，达到16.3%，表明内源释放严重，富营养化问题突出；于桥水库沉积物中OM和BAP含量与1988年相比均有大幅度的增加，TP基本持平，TN略有上升；海河干流底泥清淤后，表层沉积物中OM、TN和TP含量下降了42.3%、 17.2%和14.8%，对底泥营养盐的去除起到一定作用.

Distribution and Enrichment of Nutrients in Superficial Sediment in Tianjin Typical Waters

Concentrations of organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP) and bioavailable phosphorus(BAP) were determined in superficial sediment(0-25 cm) collected from 4 selected typical waters(Yuqiao reservoir,Haihe River,Haihe estuary and Bohai Bay) in Tianjin,China.Pollution index(P_i) and enrichment factors(EF) were taken to analyze nutrients enrichment and dynamic characteristic.The results show that 4 typical waters are polluted by anthropogenic source and much higher than the permissible limits...