APEC会议期间北京机动车排放控制效果评估

机动车尾气排放是影响北京市大气环境质量的首要因素,为了保障APEC期间的空气质量,北京市采取了包括控制机动车排放在内的严格的控制措施.本研究基于路网车流量、车速和车型变化数据,提出了一种基于自下而上排放清单的控制措施效果评估方法.结果表明,APEC会议期间北京市路网车流量下降,车速上升,小客车的车流量下降幅度最大;APEC会议期间机动车尾气CO、NO_x、HC和PM排放削减比例分别为:快速路15.1%、22.4%、18.4%和21.8%,主干道29.9%、36.4%、32.7%和35.8%,次干道35.7%、41.7%、38.4%和41.2%,支路40.8%、46.5%、43.1%和46.0%.基于自下而上的排放清单方法,建立了APEC会前和会期的机动车尾气排放清单,结果显示研究区域内会期机动车尾气排放量CO、NO_x、HC和PM排放量分别削减37.5%、43.4%、39.9%和42.9%.

Evaluation on the Effectiveness of Vehicle Exhaust Emission Control Measures During the APEC Conference in Beijing

Vehicle emission is one of the primary factors affecting the quality of atmospheric environment in Beijing. In order to improve the air quality during APEC conference, strict control measures including vehicle emission control were taken in Beijing during APEC meeting. Based on the activity level data of traffic volume, vehicle speed and vehicle types, the inventory of motor vehicle emissions in Beijing was developed following bottom-up methodology to assess the effectiveness of the control measures. The results showed that the traffic volume of Beijing road network during the APEC meeting decreased significantly, the vehicle speed increased obviously, and the largest decline of traffic volume was car. CO, NO_x, HC and PM emissions of vehicle exhaust were reduced by 15.1%, 22.4%,18.4% and 21.8% for freeways, 29.9%, 36.4%, 32.7% and 35.8% for major arterial, 35.7%, 41.7%, 38.4% and 41.2% for minor arterial, 40.8%, 46.5%, 43.1% and 46.0% for collectors, respectively. The vehicles exhaust emissions inventory before and during APEC conference was developed based on bottom-up emissions inventory method. The results indicated that CO, NO_x, HC and PM emissions of vehicle exhaust were reduced by 37.5%, 43.4%, 39.9% and 42.9% in the study area, respectively.