平原河网典型污染物生物降解系数的研究

生物降解是污染物综合降解的重要组成部分,生物降解过程的快慢用生物降解系数表示.为探明太湖上游平原河网典型污染物的生物降解规律,于2015年9月进行原位实验,采用一级反应动力学模型对高锰酸盐指数、氨氮(NH~+_4-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的生物降解系数进行测算,并分析了生物降解系数的影响因素.结果表明,高锰酸盐指数、NH~+_4-N、TN和TP的生物降解系数分别为:0.008 3~0.126 4、0.002 1~0.213 8、0.002 1~0.090 5和0.011 0~0.152 8 d~(-1);高锰酸盐指数生物降解系数的主要影响因素为高锰酸盐指数和p H;NH~+_4-N生物降解系数的主要影响因素为NH~+_4-N浓度和p H;TN生物降解系数的主要影响因素为无机氮浓度、总溶解固体浓度和亚硝态氮浓度;TP生物降解系数的主要影响因素为TP浓度和p H.研究结果对太湖上游平原河网的污染物去除与生态恢复具有重要指导意义.

Biodegradation Coefficients of Typical Pollutants in the Plain Rivers Network

Biodegradation is a significant part of pollutant integrated degradation, the process rate of which is represented by the biodegradation coefficient. To investigate the biodegradation law of typical pollutants in the plain rivers network located in the upstream of the Lake Taihu, experiments were conducted in site in September 2015, one order kinetics model was used to measure the biodegradation coefficients for permanganate index, ammonia, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and influencing factors of the biodegradation coefficients were also analyzed. The results showed that the biodegradation coefficients for permanganate index, ammonia, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 0.0083-0.1264 d^-1, 0.0021-0.2138 d^-1, 0.0021-0.0905 d^-1 and 0.0110-0.1528 d^-1, respectively. The influencing factors of the biodegradation coefficients for permanganate index were permanganate index and pH; those for ammonia were ammonia concentration and pH; those for total nitrogen were inorganic nitrogen concentration, total dissolved solid concentration and nitrite concentration; and those for total phosphorus were background concentration and pH. The research results were of important guiding significance for pollutants removal and ecological restoration of the plain rivers network located in the upstream of the Lake Taihu.