高水分蔬菜废物和花卉废物批式进料联合堆肥的中试

以滇池流域典型农业废物蔬菜(西芹)和花卉废物(石竹)为原料,进行了2种配比的蔬菜废物和花卉废物联合堆肥的中试研究.堆肥一次发酵采用批式进料温度反馈通气量控制的静态好氧技术,发酵周期15d.对于西芹与石竹废物各占一半的堆肥试验,在一次发酵阶段,堆体温度在55℃以上保持10d,最高温度达65℃,可有效杀灭致病菌,堆体含水率从64.2%减少为46.3%,有机质含量从74.7%下降到55.6%,体积减少为原来的一半,pH值稳定在7左右.二次发酵采用周期性翻堆,自然腐熟,周期30d.对堆肥产物的腐熟度和养分分析表明,堆肥产物稳定性好,养分含量高.这表明,采用温度反馈通气量控制的静态好氧堆肥技术,蔬菜废物和花卉废物联合堆肥可以在45d内获得高质量的堆肥产品,将堆肥产品返还土壤能有效减少固体废物非点源污染、提高土壤肥力.

Co-Composting of High-Moisture Vegetable Waste and Flower Waste in a Batch Operation

Co-composting of different mixture made of vegetable waste and flower waste were studied. The first stage of composting was aerobic static bed based temperature feedback in a batch operation and control via aeration rate regulation. The second stage was window composting. The total composting period was 45 days. About the station of half of celery and half of carnation, the pile was insulated and temperatures of at least 55 degrees C were maintained for about 11 days. The highest temperature was up to 65 degrees C. This is enough to kill pathogens. Moisture of pile decreased from 64.2% to 46.3% and organic matter was degraded from 74.7% to 55.6% during composting. The value of pH was had stable at 7. Analysis of maturity and nutrition of compost show that end-products of composting were bio-stable and had abundant nutrition. This shows that co-composting of vegetable waste and flower waste can get high quality compost by optimizing composting process during 45 days. Composting can decrease non-point resource of organic solid waste by recycling nutrition to soil and improve fertility of soil.