藻类与扰动共存下水体中不同形态磷的数量分布规律

以太湖梅梁湾的沉积物和上覆水为研究材料,研究了铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)和羊角月牙藻(Selenastrum capricornutum)与扰动共存下,水体中不同形态磷的数量分布以及不同藻类对水体中形态磷分布的贡献.结果表明,无论扰动与否,上覆水中总磷(TP)、溶解性总磷(DTP)、溶解性磷酸盐(DIP)、生物有效磷(BAP)均呈降低趋势.但是,在扰动和无扰动条件下,铜绿微囊藻和羊角月牙藻对DTP和DIP的吸收能力恰好相反.水体中磷的消失主要归于颗粒物质的物理化学吸附和藻类的生物利用作用,但扰动与否两者对磷消失的贡献率明显不同.无扰动状态下,铜绿微囊藻和羊角月牙藻对DTP和DIP的吸收能力均在60%左右;而扰动状态下,两者对DTP和DIP的吸收能力分别下降至40%和25%.磷在沉积物不同形态磷间的数量分布也发生明显变化.无论扰动与否,NH_4Cl-P与钙磷(Ca-P)均有所降低,Fe/Al-P则增加,但扰动下NH_4Cl-P与Ca-P下降幅度与Fe/Al-P升高幅度均更大.与铜绿微囊藻相比,羊角月牙藻更有利于Ca-P的释放和Fe/Al-P的形成.

Distribution of Phosphorus Forms in the Overlying Water Under Disturbance with the Addition of Algae

Distribution of different phosphorus (P) forms in the overlying water and the contribution of different algae to the P disappearance were investigated under disturbance with the addition of algae (Microcystis aeruginosa and Selenastrum capricornutum, respectively). The sediments and overlying water were taken from Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake. The results showed that the concentrations of total P (TP), dissolved total P (DTP), dissolved inorganic P (DIP) and biavailable P (BAP) decreased with and without disturbance. The uptake of DTP and DIP by Microcystis aeruginosa was better than that of Selenastrum capricornutum under the disturbance, but it was the opposite without the disturbance. The disappearance of P in the overlying water was attributed completely to the physico-chemical adsorption of the suspended solids and the uptake of algae. But the contribution of suspended solids and algae depended on the disturbance. The contribution of Microcystis aeruginosa and Selenastrum capricornutum to DTP and DIP absorption was about 60% without disturbance. However, the value was reduced to 40% (Microcystis aeruginosa) and 25% (Selenastrum capricornutum) under the disturbance. Under the disturbance and the action of algae, the distribution of sedimentary P forms changed. NH₄Cl-P and Ca-P release and Fe/Al-P increase were observed with and without disturbance. The decrease of NH₄Cl-P and Ca-P and the increase of Fe/Al-P were more obvious with disturbance than without disturbance. Selenastrum capricornutum was favor of the release of Ca-P and the formation of Fe/Al-P.