山东省主要城市酸沉降现状及影响因素分析

根据山东省多年降水观测资料,分析了其17个设区城市的酸雨现状,并研究了济南市和青岛市硫的干、湿沉降及其变化规律.结果表明,近5a(1997～2001年)青岛市降水酸度位列全省17城市之首,是唯一降水pH年均值低于酸雨临界值5.60的城市;山东省主要城市的降水酸度总体上呈下降趋势.济南市和青岛市近年来硫沉降总通量基本稳定或呈下降趋势,仍达10t/(km²·a)左右;在硫沉降总通量中,硫干沉降的贡献率达80%以上,而在硫干沉降通量中,SO₂干沉降的贡献率要远远高于SO₄^2-干沉降的贡献率.通过分析酸雨前体物排放强度、土壤酸碱性以及气象条件对酸沉降的影响,揭示了山东省内主要城市酸沉降的影响因子.

Current Situation and Impact Factors of Acid Deposition in Main Cites of Shandong Province

Based on the monitoring data for years in Shandong Province,current situation of acid rain in every city was assessed,and the temporal distribution of the dry,wet and total sulfur deposition in Jinan and Qingdao were studied.The results showed that Qingdao which had the largest precipitation acidity was the single city whose annul average precipitation pH was below 5.60.The precipitation acidities in the main cities of Shandong Province were in a descent tendency.The total sulfur desposition in Jinan and Qingdao was basically stable or in a descent tendency,but also reached 10t/(km²·a) or so.Among the total sulfur deposition flux,the dry deposition of sulfur had the greater contribution,and the contribution of SO₂ dry deposition was higher than that of SO₄^2- dry deposition.By analyzing the relation between the precipitation acidity and the SO₂ discharge intensity,soil acidity and meteorological condition,the impact factors of acid precipitation in the cities of Shandong Province were revealed.