2010年广州亚运期间空气质量与污染气象条件分析

利用2010年11月4日～12月10日广州地区NO2、O3、SO2、PM、能见度实测资料,区域空气污染指数RAQI及大气输送扩散特征参数,分析广州亚运期间空气质量与气象条件变化特征.结果表明,亚运期间空气质量比亚运前后好,能见度比亚运前后大,PM1和PM2.5浓度比亚运前后小,能见度与PM1和PM2.5有较好的反相关;亚运期间NO2和SO2日均值和小时均值均达到国家一级标准,PM10日均值和O3小时均值均满足国家二级标准,污染物得到较好的控制;广州地区SO2受本地源和外地源远距离输送叠加影响,NO2受本地源影响较大;广州周边城市NO2、SO2和PM10有向广州输送的潜势,而广州O3有向其周边城市扩散的潜势;亚运期间污染气象条件比亚运前后有利,亚运期间污染物浓度降低得益于政府实施的减排措施及良好的气象条件.

Study on Air Quality and Pollution Meteorology Conditions of Guangzhou During the 2010 Asian Games

Based on the monitoring data of NO₂, O₃, SO₂, PM, visibility, regional air quality index(RAQI) and the atmospheric transport and diffusion data from Nov. 4, 2010 to Dec. 10, 2010 in Guangzhou area, the variations of air quality and meteorological conditions during the Guangzhou Asian Games were analyzed. It was found that, during the Asian Games, the air quality was better than the air quality before or after the Asian Games. The visibility was greater than the visibility before or after the Asian Games, while the concentrations of PM₁ and PM_2.5 were lower. The correlation coefficient between visibility and the concentrations of PM₁, PM_2.5 indicated anti-correlation relationships. Daily and hourly concentrations of NO₂ and SO₂ met the primary ambient air quality standards, whereas the daily concentration of PM₁₀ and hourly concentration of O₃ met the secondary ambient air quality standards. Pollutants had been well controlled during the Asian Games. The concentration of SO₂ in Guangzhou was influenced by local sources and long distance transmission, while the concentration of NO₂ was significantly influenced by local sources. The emissions of NO₂, SO₂ and PM₁₀ surrounding Guangzhou had a trend to affect the concentrations in Guangzhou, but the situation of O₃ was opposite, the relatively high concentration of O₃ in Guangzhou had tendency to be transported to the surrounding areas. The pollution meteorology conditions in the period of Asian Games were better than the conditions before or after the Asian Games. The decrease in the concentrations during the Asian Games did not only benefit from the emission control by the government, but also from the good meteorological conditions.