动物粪便施肥措施促进耐药基因在粪便-土壤-蔬菜之间的散播

耐药基因（antibiotic resistant gene，ARG）在动物粪肥施用的土壤中被越来越多地检出，已经引起了人们对公共安全的担忧，但目前关于动物粪便施肥对蔬菜内生菌中耐药基因的影响尚不清楚.因此，本研究利用高通量定量PCR技术，探讨鸡粪肥施用对土壤、苦菊根和叶片中内生细菌菌群和耐药基因谱的影响.研究结果发现，鸡粪肥的施用不仅增加了土壤和苦菊根内生菌中ARG的数量，而且增加了土壤、苦菊根和叶片中内生菌的ARG丰度.相关性分析显示，土壤菌群和苦菊内生菌中ARG谱与细菌菌群组成密切相关，主要涉及变形杆菌纲、酸杆菌纲、放线菌纲和蓝藻细菌纲等细菌菌群.此外，苦菊内生菌与土壤菌群之间存在共有的ARG，表明土壤-苦菊之间存在耐药基因的内部传播.综上所述，鸡粪肥施用会通过粪便-土壤-植物路径增加蔬菜内生菌中ARG的多样性和丰度.

Animal Manure Fertilization Promotes Antibiotic Resistance Gene Dissemination Among Manure, Soil, and Vegetables

Increasing antibiotic resistant genes (ARG) are being detected in animal manure-amended soil, causing public concerns. However, the effects of animal manure fertilization on the ARG of vegetable endophytes remain unknown. In this study, high-throughput quantitative PCR (HT-qPCR) was used to explore the effects of poultry manure fertilization on the bacterial community and resistome in the soil, root endophytes, and leaf endophytes from Cichorium endivia L.. The results indicated that poultry manure fertilization not only enhanced the number of ARG in soil and root endophytes, but also increased the abundance of ARG in the soil, root endophytes, and leaf endophytes. The relationship analysis demonstrated that the ARG profile in the soil and vegetable endophytes was significantly correlated with the bacterial community, and the ARG abundance was highly correlated with Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Cyanobacteria. In addition, the overlapping ARG between the Cichorium endivia L. endophyte and soil indicated the internal spread route of the ARG from the manure to Cichorium endivia L through the soil. In conclusion, poultry manure fertilization increased the diversity and abundance of the ARG in vegetables via the manure-soil-vegetable pathway.