麦穗鱼物种敏感性评价

分别进行了Cd、Cu对麦穗鱼和Cu对大型溞的急性毒性试验,结合麦穗鱼、大型溞的室内毒性试验数据和文献毒性数据,使用物种敏感性分布法对麦穗鱼的6种典型污染物的敏感性进行了对比分析.结果表明:①麦穗鱼对各类污染物的敏感性较高,尤其对有机污染物反应灵敏,其中对农药类相对最为敏感,表明麦穗鱼可以作为潜在的有机污染监测的指示生物和水质基准的代表性受试生物.②在鱼类敏感性排序中,鲤科鱼类对各类污染物的敏感性较强,而我国的鱼类以鲤科为主,因此在水质基准制定和环境监测中应充分考虑鲤科鱼类的作用及其毒性数据;③麦穗鱼在鱼类敏感性排序中位置稳定,并且具有体型小、易获得等特性,表明麦穗鱼是环境监测中较为理想的指示生物,同时也是潜在的水质基准受试生物.

Species Sensitivity Evaluation of Pseudorasbora parva

Acute toxic effects of cadmium and copper to Pseudorasbora parva and copper to Daphnia magna were tested in this study. Then comparative analysis of species sensitivity of P. parva to six typical pollutants was performed with toxicity data from our experiments and published literatures. The result showed that: 1 P. parva was generally sensitive to various pollutants, especially to organic pollutants, and it was relatively most sensitive to pesticides. P. parva might be an indicator organism in organic pollution monitoring and a representative testing organism in the development of water quality criteria. 2 Cyprinidae was sensitive to various pollutants in fish sensitivity distribution, therefore the toxicity data of Cyprinidae should be given more attention in the study of water quality criteria and environmental monitoring. 3 P. parva was sensitive to various pollutants, and it had a stable position in fish sensitivity rank. This study indicated that P. parva might be an ideal indicator organism in environmental monitoring and a potential model organism in water quality criteria considering that it has a small size and is easy to obtain.