潜流人工湿地去除大庆地区湖泊水体中石油类化合物的研究

针对大庆地区石油类化合物污染湖泊水质特点和气候条件,采用包含砾石床、砾石芦苇床、炉渣芦苇床和炉渣床单元的现场试验系统,考察启动期、投加微生物、投加缓释碳源、水温低于5℃和常规运行期等工况下各单元对石油类化合物的去除效果及其去除机理.在整个试验期内4个单元石油类化合物的平均去除率分别为24.7％、28.4％、45.9％和42.9％;投加微生物和缓释碳源都可提高石油类化合物污染物的去除效果;以炉渣为填料的单元污染物去除效果显著优于以砾石为填料的单元.2005年常规运行期间,湿地床和对照床石油类化合物去除率存在显著性差异（p<0.05）,植物对石油类化合物的去除起到显著的促进作用.系统运行期内通过截留去除的石油类化合物占总去除量70％左右,各单元该比例没有显著性差异（p<0.05）.

Removal of Oil in the Lake Water in Daqing Area Using Subsurface Constructed Wetland

Based on the water quality and climate of the oil contaminated lake in Daqing area, four simulated subsurface wetland systems were constructed in the field to study their removal effect of oil in lake water, including the gravel bed,the gravel-reed bed,the slag-reed bed and the slag bed. The research lasted about 360 d, including five periods: the start up period,the microorganism adding period,the slow-releasing carbon sources adding period,the low temperature period and the normal operation period. During the study, oil removal efficiency of the four units are 24.7%,28.4%,45.9% and 42.9% respectirely, and the slag unit shows better than gravel unit. The adding of microorganism and slow-releasing carbon sources markedly improves the oil removal. The application of plant in the wetland system also promotes the oil removal. In all the four simulated subsurface wetland systems, 70% of the oil removal attributes to the adsorption effect.