松花江流域某自来水厂中内分泌干扰物的调查

利用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法调查了松花江流域某自来水厂原水、传统净水工艺各处理单元出水及管网水中的13种内分泌干扰物(EDCs).结果表明,固醇类雌激素物质除管网水中未检出外,其他各水样均有检出,浓度为4-44 ng·L-1;4种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)、双酚A(BPA)及3种烷基酚(APs)在各水样中几乎100%检出,浓度为2～163 760 ng·L-1,其中以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)与邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)为主.研究还发现,尽管有个别EDCs出水浓度高于进水浓度,但混凝沉淀工艺对EDCs的去除在该水厂中占主导作用,平均去除率为63%;砂滤与氯消毒工艺出水不稳定,只能对部分EDCs起到一定程度去除作用.此外,出厂水经管网输送后其中的绝大多数EDCs含量升高,说明进入管网水中的EDCs除水源水污染外,还有一个重要途径就是输水管材中相应污染物的渗析.

Investigation of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in a Drinking Water Work Located in Songhua River Basin

Solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography was used for simultaneously determination of 13 endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water samples taken from each treatment unit of a drinking water treatment plant located in Songhua River basin. Results show that steroid estrogens exist in all water samples except for tap water, varying at a level of 4-44 ng·L^-1. Four of phthalate acid esters (PAEs), bisphenol A (BPA) and 3 alkylphenols (APs) are detected almost in all samples with concentration ranging from 2 to 163 760 ng·L^-1. The most abundant EDCs are di-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Results also demonstrate that the coagulation-sedimentation process plays a dominant role in the removal of EDCs in the plant with an average removal efficiency of 63%, though the contents of few EDCs in its effluent are higher than those in the influent. Processes of sand filtration and chlorination are unstable, and only several of EDCs investigated are removed partially. In addition, the concentrations of most EDCs left in the effluent of the plant are increased after pipe delivering. It verifies that EDCs in drinking water partly come from the release of pipe material for water delivering besides the contaminated source water.