洛克沙胂在青菜及土壤中的残留及降解特性

通过向土壤中施加含洛克沙胂有机肥的田间试验,研究有机肥中的洛克沙胂在土壤-蔬菜中的降解、迁移转化及残留.结果表明,土壤中施加低浓度的洛克沙胂对青菜的生长具有一定的抑制作用,相比于对照组减产15%~32%;青菜对土壤中砷具有一定的富集作用,且其根部为砷主要蓄积部位;土壤中总砷含量与施入洛克沙胂的量成正相关,并且随着种植时间的延长先升高再下降,最高达12.94 mg·kg-1,土壤无机砷含量随着种植时间的延长先升高并于30 d后趋于稳定,占总砷的66.75%~98.56%;青菜中总砷含量与土壤总砷含量及青菜砷富集系数之间均存在一定的正相关;洛克沙胂在土壤中的降解速率缓慢,含洛克沙胂有机肥量添加量高于5 000 kg·hm-2时,45 d后土壤中有洛克沙胂残留;施入一定量的洛克沙胂能显著提高土壤中细菌的数量,对于霉菌和放线菌的生长,较低浓度的洛克沙胂具有一定的抑制作用,较高浓度的洛克沙胂具有一定的促进作用.

Residue and Degradation of Roxarsone in the System of Soil-Vegetable

The field experiment was developed for simulating the residues, transformation and degradation in soil-vegetable system of Roxarsone contained in organic fertilizer. Under the treatment, the yield of Brassica chinensis decreased in low Roxarsone concentration with a decline by 15% to 32% compared with the control group; there had an accumulating role of vegetables to arsenic, and the root was the main part; total content of arsenic in the soil was positively correlated with the dose of the applied Roxarsone; total arsenic in soil first increased and then decreased with the planting time prolonged and peaked at 12.94 mg·kg^-1, while the level of inorganic arsenic in the soil stabilized after 30 d, which accounting for 66.75% to 98.56% of the total arsenic; there existed a positively significant correlation of total arsenic content between the Brassica chinensis and the soil as well as the arsenic enrichment factor of vegetables; the degradation rate of Roxarsone in soil was slow, there was still some Roxarsone remained in soil after 45 d when added the organic fertilizer which containing Roxarsone with the dose higher than 5000 kg·hm^-2; Roxarsone could significantly increase the number of bacteria in the soil, and low concentration showed an inhibited role in the growth of fungi and actinomyces, while high concentration of Roxarsone promoted the growth.