ABR耦合CSTR一体化工艺好氧颗粒污泥形成机制及其除污效能研究

本研究通过对厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)改进,使其成为厌氧与好氧组合一体化工艺,实现耦合运行.对连续流条件下其好氧颗粒污泥形成机制进行了研究.将ABR末端隔室分别改为曝气池与沉淀池,并分别在厌氧区和好氧区接种厌氧颗粒污泥和普通活性污泥,保持好氧区C/N为2,COD容积负荷逐渐由1.5 kg·(m3·d)-1提高至2.0 kg·(m3·d)-1,沉淀池HRT逐步由2.0 h缩短至0.75 h.研究表明,经110 d的运行,在好氧区中成功培养结构致密、沉降性能良好(平均沉降速率为20.8m·h-1)的淡黄色颗粒污泥.在好氧区沉淀时间为0.75 h、COD容积负荷为2.0 kg·(m3·d)-1的条件下,系统稳定运行时具有较好的脱氮除磷效果,COD、NH+4-N、TP和TN的去除率分别为90%、80%、65%和45%.研究表明,因沉淀时间缩短而不断提高的选择压、维持较高的有机负荷是好氧颗粒污泥形成的主要驱动力.

Formation Mechanism of Aerobic Granular Sludge and Removal Efficiencies in Integrated ABR-CSTR Reactor

Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) was altered to make an integrated anaerobic-aerobic reactor. The research investigated the mechanism of aerobic sludge granulation, under the condition of continuous-flow. The last two compartments of the ABR were altered into aeration tank and sedimentation tank respectively with seeded sludge of anaerobic granular sludge in anaerobic zone and conventional activated sludge in aerobic zone. The HRT was gradually decreased in sedimentation tank from 2.0 h to 0.75 h and organic loading rate was increased from 1.5 kg·(m³·d)^-1 to 2.0 kg·(m³·d)^-1 while the C/N of 2 was controlled in aerobic zone. When the system operated for 110 days, the mature granular sludge in aerobic zone were characterized by compact structure, excellent sedimentation performance (average sedimentation rate was 20.8 m·h^-1) and slight yellow color. The system performed well in nitrogen and phosphorus removal under the conditions of setting time of 0.75 h and organic loading rate of 2.0 kg·(m³·d)^-1 in aerobic zone, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH₄⁺-N, TP and TN were 90%, 80%, 65% and 45%, respectively. The results showed that the increasing selection pressure and the high organic loading rate were the main propulsions of the aerobic sludge granulation.