岩溶地下河流域水中多环芳烃污染特征及生态风险评价

利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC/MS)测定了老龙洞地下河流域水中16种优控多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)含量,研究了流域内PAHs组成、污染水平,并对其进行了生态风险评价.结果表明,老龙洞地下河水中ΣPAHs含量变化范围为81.5~8 019 ng·L-1,表层岩溶泉ΣPAHs含量为288.7~15200 ng·L-1,地表水ΣPAHs含量为128.4~2 442 ng·L-1;受黄桷垭镇污水的影响,地下河水相对于地下水补给来源的落水洞和地表水含量较高.流域内水中PAHs均以低环为主,尤其是3环占主导.受污水、季节的影响及PAHs物理化学性质的差异,水中PAHs月变化呈现不同的变化特征.地表水、落水洞污水排放对地下河PAHs来源起重要作用.流域内水中PAHs以低环污染为特征,所有检测到的PAH化合物处于中等污染和重污染风险.

Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and in Karst Underground River Catchment

Water samples in Laolongdong underground river catchment were collected to determine the concentration, compositional profiles, and evaluate ecological risk of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs were measured by GC/MS. The total concentrations of 16 PAH ranged from 81.5-8019 ng ·L^-1 in underground river, 288.7-15200 ng ·L^-1 in karst springs, and 128.4-2442 ng ·L^-1 in surface water. Affected by waste water from Huangjueya town, concentrations of PAHs in underground river were higher than those in surface water and waste water from sinkhole. The PAHs profiles were dominated by 3 ring PAHs. There were differences of monthly variations of PAHs contents in the water,due to waste water,season and different characteristics of PAH. Surface water and waste water from sinkhole played an important role on contamination in the river. The levels of ecological risk were generally moderately polluted and heavily polluted according to all detected PAH compounds in the water.