碳氮比对聚氨酯生物膜反应器短程硝化反硝化的影响

研究了聚氨酯生物膜反应器在短程硝化反硝化工艺中的应用,考察碳氮比(15∶1、10∶1、5∶1和1.8∶1)对聚氨酯脱氮系统脱氮性能和微生物群落结构的影响,以及微生物群落结构与其处理效果的对应关系.结果表明,经过100 d的运行,当进水碳氮比从15依次下降到10、5和1.8,亚硝酸氮累积率由56.1%逐次上升到62.3%、72.3%和83.2%.在进水碳氮比为10时,系统取得最佳处理效果,氨氮和总氮去除率分别为99.1%和91.0%.进水碳氮比在15、10、5和1.8时,硝化反应和反硝化反应均同时发生在聚氨酯生物膜系统内,随着进水碳氮比的降低,同时硝化反硝化效率逐渐降低.生物膜的功能微生物分析表明,在碳氮比15时,生物膜的微生物多样性要显著高于其他工况.生物膜上的优势亚硝酸菌和硝酸菌分别以亚硝化单胞菌(Nitrosospira sp.)和硝化螺旋菌(Nitrospira sp.)为主,而反硝化细菌则以假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)占据优势.

Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio on Short-Cut Nitrification and Denitrification of Polyurethane Biofilm Reactor

The short-cut nitrification and denitrification process of a polyurethane biofilm reactor was studied at four different carbon to nitrogen ratios (C/N ratios) (C/N=15:1, 10:1, 5:1 and 1.8:1) with focus on reactor performance and microbial community composition. Results showed that when the influent carbon/nitrogen ratio decreased from 15 to 10, 5 and 1.8, the nitrite accumulation rate was increased from 56.1% to 62.3%, 72.3% and 83.2% after 100 d operation. System achieved the optimal removal efficiency at an influent carbon/nitrogen ratio of 10 with 99.1% of ammonia removal and 91.0% of total nitrogen removal. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification occurred in the polyurethane biofilm system at different influent carbon/nitrogen ratio. As the influent carbon/nitrogen ratio decreased from 15 to 10, 5 and 1.8, the efficiency of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification was gradually reduced. The microbial biofilm analysis indicated that the microbial diversity of biofilm with an influent carbon/nitrogen ratio of 15 was significantly higher than that in other conditions. The predominant ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria were Nitrosospira sp. and Nitrospira sp., respectively, and the predominant denitrifying bacteria were Pseudomonas sp..