| 长三角地区秸秆燃烧排放因子与颗粒物成分谱研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐喜斌,黄成,楼晟荣,乔利平,王红丽,周敏,陈明华,陈长虹,王倩,李贵玲,李莉,黄海英,张钢锋.长三角地区秸秆燃烧排放因子与颗粒物成分谱研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(5):1623-1632. |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐喜斌 黄成 楼晟荣 乔利平 王红丽 周敏 陈明华 陈长虹 王倩 李贵玲 李莉 黄海英 张钢锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海 200237;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海 200237;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,上海 200433;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室（筹）,上海 200233 |
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| 基金项目： | 环境保护公益性行业科研专项（201409008，201209007，201209001）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（41205122）；上海市科委项目（11231200500）；上海市重大科技专项（沪环科2013-03）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDB05020300，XDB020300） |
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| 摘 要： | 为获取长三角地区秸秆燃烧污染物排放因子及其颗粒物成分谱,利用自行设计开发的开放式燃烧源排放测试系统,选取小麦、水稻、油菜、豆秸和薪柴等5类典型作物秸秆,分别采用露天焚烧和炉灶燃烧2种燃烧方式,实测其气态污染物和颗粒物排放特征.结果表明,露天燃烧各类秸秆的CO、NOx和PM2.5平均排放因子约为28.7、1.2和2.65 g·kg-1,由于炉灶氧含量相对较低,燃烧不充分,其污染物排放因子总体高于露天燃烧,分别为81.9、2.1和8.5 g·kg-1.各类秸秆中,油菜的排放水平相对较高.含碳组分(OC和EC)是生物质秸秆燃烧产生PM2.5的主要组成,在露天燃烧中OC和EC的质量分数分别占(38.92±13.93)%和(5.66±1.54)%;炉灶燃烧中OC和EC分别为(26.37±10.14)%和(18.97±10.76)%.Cl-、K+等水溶性离子也有较大贡献,在露天燃烧中分别为(13.27±6.82)%和(12.41±3.02)%;在炉灶燃烧中分别为(16.25±9.34)%和(13.62±7.91)%.小麦、水稻、油菜和豆秸等作物秸秆露天燃烧排放颗粒物的K+/OC值分别为0.30、0.52、0.49和0.15,这些特征值可用于判断长三角区域空气质量受秸秆燃烧排放影响的程度,为大气污染来源解析提供直接的判断依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆燃烧 PM2.5 气态污染物 排放因子 成分谱 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/9/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/12/9 0:00:00 |
Emission Factors and PM Chemical Composition Study of Biomass Burning in the Yangtze River Delta Region |
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| TANG Xi-bin,HUANG Cheng,LOU Sheng-rong,QIAO Li-ping,WANG Hong-li,ZHOU Min,CHEN Ming-hu,CHEN Chang-hong,WANG Qian,LI Gui-ling,LI Li,HUANG Hai-ying and ZHANG Gang-feng.Emission Factors and PM Chemical Composition Study of Biomass Burning in the Yangtze River Delta Region[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2014,35(5):1623-1632. |
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| Authors: | TANG Xi-bin HUANG Cheng LOU Sheng-rong QIAO Li-ping WANG Hong-li ZHOU Min CHEN Ming-hu CHEN Chang-hong WANG Qian LI Gui-ling LI Li HUANG Hai-ying and ZHANG Gang-feng |
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| Institution: | School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Shanghai 200433, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China |
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| Abstract: | The emission characteristics of five typical crops, including wheat straw, rice straw, oil rape straw, soybean straw and fuel wood, were investigated to explore the gas and particulates emission of typical biomass burning in Yangzi-River-Delta area. The straws were tested both by burning in stove and by burning in the farm with a self-developed measurement system as open burning sources. Both gas and fine particle pollutants were measured in this study as well as the chemical composition of fine particles. The results showed that the average emission factors of CO, NOx and PM2.5 in open farm burning were 28.7 g·kg-1, 1.2 g·kg-1 and 2.65 g·kg-1, respectively. Due to insufficient burning in the low oxygen level environment, the emission factors of stove burning were higher than those of open farm burning, which were 81.9 g·kg-1, 2.1 g·kg-1 and 8.5 g·kg-1, respectively. Oil rape straw had the highest emission factors in all tested straws samples. Carbonaceous matter, including organic carbon(OC) and element carbon(EC), was the foremost component of PM2.5 from biomass burning. The average mass fractions of OC and EC were (38.92±13.93)% and (5.66±1.54)% by open farm burning and (26.37±10.14)% and (18.97±10.76)% by stove burning. Water soluble ions such as Cl- and K+ had a large contribution. The average mass fractions of Cl- and K+ were (13.27±6.82)% and (12.41±3.02)% by open farm burning, and were (16.25±9.34)% and (13.62±7.91)% by stove burning. The K+/OC values of particles from wheat straw, rice straw, oil rape straw and soybean straw by open farm burning were 0.30, 0.52, 0.49 and 0.15, respectively, which can be used to evaluate the influence on the regional air quality in YRD area from biomass burning and provide direct evidence for source apportionment. |
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| Keywords: | straw burning PM2 5 air pollutants emission factor source profile |
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