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太湖竺山湾藻华黑水团区沉积物中Fe、S、P的含量及其形态变化
引用本文:刘国锋,钟继承,何俊,张雷,范成新.太湖竺山湾藻华黑水团区沉积物中Fe、S、P的含量及其形态变化[J].环境科学,2009,30(9):2520-2526.
作者姓名:刘国锋  钟继承  何俊  张雷  范成新
作者单位:中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室;中国科学院研究生院;
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40730528);;国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2008CB418105);;江苏省科技厅太湖水污染治理科技专项项目(BS2007161)
摘    要:对因藻华大量聚集死亡而造成水体呈强还原环境(DO=0.14 mg.L-1,Eh=-89.3 mV)的黑水团区中Fe-S-P的生物地球化学变化特征进行研究.结果表明,藻细胞残体的沉降使得黑水区沉积物表层有机质含量显著增加;因藻细胞残体的贡献,沉积物表层中Org-P含量急剧增加(比非黑水区多72 mg.kg-1);受较低Eh的影响,沉积物中与Fe结合的磷出现解析,使得黑水区沉积物中活性铁和PO43--P含量增加,黑水区中沉积物间隙水PO43--P要远高于非黑水团区,表明其有向上覆水释放的趋势;造成沉积物中Fe-P含量比非黑水区中的要低.在强还原条件下沉积物中铁的氧化物呈现出由结晶态向无定形态转化的趋势(Dithio-Fe比非黑水区高达30μmol.g-1),从而使得可供生物利用的活性铁含量增加,这为藻华再次发生提供了有利条件.黑水区表层沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)在初始阶段大量增加,但后期由于形成了H2S气体逸散到水体中其含量反而减少;表层沉积物硫化物含量也呈增加现象(比非黑水区表层沉积物中要高50μmol.g-1).

关 键 词:藻华黑水团  Fe-S-P循环  结晶态  无定形态  沉积物  磷形态  
收稿时间:2008/10/1 0:00:00
修稿时间:2009/3/18 0:00:00

Effects of Black Spots of Dead-Cyanobacterial Mats on Fe-S-P Cycling in Sediments of Zhushan Bay, Lake Taihu
LIU Guo-feng,ZHONG Ji-cheng,HE Jun,ZHANG Lei and FAN Cheng-xin.Effects of Black Spots of Dead-Cyanobacterial Mats on Fe-S-P Cycling in Sediments of Zhushan Bay, Lake Taihu[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2009,30(9):2520-2526.
Authors:LIU Guo-feng  ZHONG Ji-cheng  HE Jun  ZHANG Lei and FAN Cheng-xin
Abstract:The purpose of the paper was to study the biogeochemical response of Fe-S-P in sediments in an extremely conditions (DO = 0.14 mg·L~(-1), Eh = -89.3 mV), which was caused by the dead-cyanobacterial mats. The results showed that organic matter concentration in surficial sediment was higher, and also the Org-P concentration in surface sediments increased 72 mg·kg~(-1) than those of natural sediments for the dead-cyanobacterial cells sedimentation on the sediment. The phosphorus bound Fe was dissolved in lower Eh and anoxia in water and it increased the content of activated Fe and PO_4~(3-)-P in sediments, also the concentration of Fe-P in sediment was lower than that of natural sediments. The concentration of PO_4~(3-) -P in interstitial water in sediments was higher than that of natural sediments, it would release to the overlying water and could be helpful to the next algae blooms outbreak. Also the activated Fe~(2+) concentration increased in the sediment in reducing environment (the Dithio-Fe increased 30 μmol than that the natural sediments); moreover, the increased Fe~(2+) caused the crystalline iron oxides to transform to the amorphous iron oxides. The anaerobic conditions of the water caused the AVS concentration increased and formed massive sulfides, including the production of H_2S, which would escape to the atmosphere, but it would be harmful to water column ecological health; the sulfides also increased in surficial sediment for the more production of AVS (the sulfides in dead-cyanobacterial mats district was 50 μmol·g~(-1) higher than natural water column) .
Keywords:black spots of dead-cyanobacterial mats  Fe-S-P cycling  crystalline  amorphous  sediment  phosphorus fractionation  
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