关中地区农田土壤有机碳固存速率及影响因素：以陕西武功县为例

以武功县为例,通过计算农田土壤碳储量及固碳速率,明确关中地区农田土壤有机碳动态变化的规律,进而揭示农田土壤有机碳与自然因素、人为因素的关系.结果表明:①80%的样点0～20 cm农田土壤有机碳含量在8.0～12.0 g.kg-1之间,总体上呈现正态分布.②武功县2011年0～20 cm农田土壤有机碳密度为26.3 t.hm-2,低于全国农田耕层土壤有机碳密度平均水平(33.45 t.hm-2).近30年农田土壤固碳速率为71.3 kg.(hm2.a)-1,近5年农田土壤固碳速率为480 kg.(hm2.a)-1,近期固碳速率高于全国农田耕层土壤平均固碳速率380.78 kg.(hm2.a)-1].③在半湿润平原地区,土壤有机碳含量主要受土壤类型、地貌类型、有机肥投入的影响,其中土壤类型可解释30.2%的有机碳变异性,地貌类型可解释37.7%,有机肥可解释32.1%.综合分析表明,武功县农田土壤有机碳密度在过去30 a间呈增加趋势,这可能与化肥的施用和秸秆还田有关,具体有多大的影响程度还需进一步研究.

Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration Rate and Its Influencing Factors in Farmland of Guanzhong Plain: A Case Study in Wugong County， Shannxi Province

Take Wugong County as an example, soil carbon storage and soil carbon sequestration rate were calculated, the change law of farmland soil organic carbon was explored, and the relationship of farmland soil organic carbon and natural factors, human factors was further revealed. The results of the study showed that: 1The soil organic carbon contents in 80% of the sampling sites were in the range of 8.0-12.0 g·kg^-1, and the organic carbon contents in 0-20 cm soils showed a normal distribution. 2In 2011, the organic carbon density of the 0-20 cm farmland soil was 26.3 t·hm^-2, below the national average soil organic carbon density (33.45 t·hm^-2) of the arable layer. In the last 30 years, the soil carbon sequestration rate in the 0-20 cm layer was 71.3 kg·(hm²·a)^-1, and in the past five years, the carbon sequestration rate was 480 kg·(hm²·a)^-1. The recent carbon sequestration rate was higher than the national average soil carbon sequestration rate of the arable layer380.78 kg·(hm²·a)^-1 ]. 3In the semi-humid plain region, soil organic carbon was mainly affected by soil types, landform types, organic fertilizer. Soil types accounted for 30.2% of the organic carbon variability; the landform types and the organic fertilizer could explain 37.7% and 32.1%, respectively. The results of the comprehensive analysis showed that the farmland soil organic carbon density of Wugong County in the past 30 years is increasing, and this probably relies on the utilization of chemical fertilizer and the returning straw. Further study should be conducted on the impact of the chemical fertilizer and returning straw.