模拟生物采样和原位鱼体生物富集水中PAHs的比较

半渗透膜采样技术(SPMD)模拟了生物富集水中疏水性有机污染物的过程,并且可以用来监测生物有效态污染物的长期平均浓度.但是在野外条件下SPMD和鱼体生物富集作用的比较研究相对较少.本工作在太湖梅梁湾选取了5个站点,同时放置SPMD和笼养的鲫鱼暴露32 d,以研究水体中多环芳烃(PAHs)在SPMD和鱼体内的富积规律.结果表明,SPMD和鲫鱼所富集的多环芳烃在组分构成和相对富集量上类似,不同采样点的各种多环芳烃的生物浓缩因子(lg BCF)和器件富集因子(lg DCF)之间存在显著相关性(p<0.000 1).定量的分析数据表明,鱼体和SPMD对PAHs的富集量在脂类归一化后差异不大,两者的比值在0.47和4.12之间变动,有较好的可比性.因此认为,SPMD能够模拟淡水湖泊中鱼类富集多环芳烃的过程,可以用来估算多环芳烃在鱼体中的浓度水平.

Comparison Between Biomimetic Sampling Technique Using Semipermeable Membrane Device and Bioconcentration in Caged Fish for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Semipermeable membrane device(SPMD) was recently accepted to estimate the time-integrated concentrations of bioavailable hydrophobic organic compounds(HOCs) in a similar manner as lipophilic bioconcentration.However few field researches were carried out to verify the similarities of SPMD and fish in concentrating HOCs from water.In present work,SPMD and caged crucian carps(Carassius auratus) were deployed side-by-side at five sites in Meiliang Bay,Taihu Lake for 32 days and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in SPMD and fish were analyzed.The results showed that the composition of PAHs and relative concentration of individual PAH in SPMD and fish were quite similar.There was significant correlation between bioconcentration factors(lg BCF) and device concentration factors(lg DCF) for concentrations of PAHs(p<0.000 1).However in a quantitative analysis,lipid-normalized concentrations of PAHs in SPMD and fish were similar,and the ratios of the concentrations of PAHs in fish and SPMD were ranged from 0.47 to 4.12.In summary,SPMD could be the surrogate to estimate PAHs levels in fish in fresh water lake.