北京市典型溶剂使用行业VOCs成分谱

基于北京市挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放清单和下一阶段VOCs减排的需求,针对汽车整车制造、木质家具制造和出版物印刷这3个主要溶剂使用行业,分别选取典型企业作为研究对象,采用负压法对重点排放环节进行采样,以GC-MS/FID系统测定样品中VOCs组分构成,从而获取了北京市典型溶剂使用行业VOCs成分谱.结果表明,汽车整车制造主要排放环节排放的VOCs组分存在明显差异,色漆涂装工序以含氧VOCs和芳香烃为主,分别占比71. 26%和27. 14%,罩光工序芳香烃达到84. 10%;木质家具制造业不同排放环节的VOCs组分差异不大,均以含氧VOCs和芳香烃为主,分别占55. 08%和18. 98%;出版物印刷业不同排放环节无法单独监测,其混合废气VOCs组分以烷烃和含氧VOCs为主,分别占比47. 29%和44. 57%.

Source Profiles of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from Typical Solvent-based Industries in Beijing

Based on the demand for a volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions inventory for Beijing and for the reduction in VOC emissions, the three major solvent-based industries of automobile manufacturing, furniture manufacturing, and publication printing were selected for this study. In each case, emissions link negative pressure sampling was used in combination with laboratory-based GC-MS/FID to obtain the VOC spectra. The results show that there are significant differences in the emission of VOCs from the main stages of automobile manufacturing. Specifically, the paint-coating process was dominated by the emission of oxygenated VOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons, accounting for 71.26% and 27.14% of total VOC emissions, respectively. The proportion of aromatic hydrocarbons emitted during the varnishing process was very large (84.10%), which were mainly composed of the benzene series. The differences in VOC emissions during different stages of the furniture manufacturing process were small, mainly consisting of oxygenated VOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons, which accounted for 55.08% and 18.98% of the total, respectively. Of these, alcohols and esters were the main components. VOCs emitted from different stages of the publication printing process could not be monitored separately. Thus, the VOCs in the mixed exhaust gas from this process were mainly composed of alkanes and oxygenated VOCs, which accounted for 47.29% and 44.57% of the total emissions, respectively.