静止和水动力扰动状态下锆改性沸石添加对河道底泥磷迁移转化的影响

通过底泥培养实验,并采用磷形态分级提取方法对底泥进行分析,研究了静止和水动力扰动这2种状态下锆改性沸石添加对不同深度处底泥中磷迁移和形态转化的影响.结果表明,无论是在静止还是在水动力扰动状态下,锆改性沸石添加均不仅降低了上覆水中溶解态活性磷(SRP)质量浓度,而且降低了不同深度处间隙水中SRP的质量浓度,并且还降低了底泥-上覆水界面SRP扩散通量.此外,当不存在和存在水动力扰动作用时,向表层底泥(0～10 mm)中添加锆改性沸石,不仅促使添加层中氧化还原敏感态磷(BD-P)和盐酸提取态磷(HCl~-P)向金属氧化物结合态磷(Na OH-rP)和残渣态磷(Res-P)极大转变,降低了添加层中潜在可移动态磷(Mobile-P)含量,而且还降低了添加层下方底泥(10～20 mm)中Mobile-P含量.与静止状态相比,水动力扰动状态下锆改性沸石添加对河道底泥磷迁移转化的影响规律存在一定的差异.水动力扰动虽然可以增强锆改性沸石添加对表层底泥间隙水中SRP的钝化效果,以及对底泥-上覆水界面SRP扩散通量的削减效应,但是却会略微降低锆改性沸石添加控制底泥中磷向上覆水体中释放的效率.表层底泥中潜在可移动态磷含量、不同深度处间隙水中SRP的质量浓度以及底泥-水界面SRP扩散通量的下降,对于锆改性沸石改良技术控制底泥磷向上覆水体释放至关重要.以上结果说明,无论是在静止还是在水动力扰动状态下,锆改性沸石添加均可以有效地控制河道底泥中磷向上覆水体的释放.

Effect of Zirconium-Modified Zeolite Addition on Migration and Transformation of Phosphorus in River Sediments Under Static and Hydrodynamic Disturbance Conditions

In this study, the effect of the addition of zirconium-modified zeolite (ZrMZ) on the migration and transformation of phosphorus (P) in river sediments under static and hydrodynamic disturbance conditions was studied using sediment core incubation experiments. Results showed that, whether under static or hydrodynamic disturbance condition, the ZrMZ amendment suppressed the release of SRP from sediments into the overlying water. Furthermore, the addition of ZrMZ to the upper sediment (0-10 mm) not only resulted in the decrease of the dissoluble reactive P (SRP) concentration in the overlying water at a depth of 0-30 mm, but also led to the decrease of the diffusion flux of SRP from the pore water to the overlying water across the sediment-water interface (SWI). In addition, the ZrMZ amendment induced the transformation of the redox-sensitive P (BD-P) and HCl extractable P (HCl-P) into the metal oxide-bound P (NaOH-rP) and residual P (Res-P), thus resulting in the reduction of mobile P (sum of NH₄Cl extractable P and BD-P) in the top 10 mm of sediment. In addition, the addition of ZrMZ into the top 10 mm of sediment resulted in reduction of the content of mobile P in 10-20 mm of sediment. Furthermore, the effect of ZrMZ addition on the migration and transformation of P in sediments under hydrodynamic disturbance condition had a certain difference from that under static condition. The presence of hydrodynamic disturbance enhanced the immobilization efficiency of SRP in the pore water at a depth of 0-20 mm by the ZrMZ amendment, and also increased the reduction efficiency of the SRP diffusion flux from the pore water to the overlying water across the SWI by the ZrMZ amendment. However, the efficiency of the control of SRP release from sediments to the overlying water by the ZrMZ amendment was slightly reduced by the hydrodynamic disturbance. The reductions of mobile P in the top sediment, SRP in the pore water as well as the diffusion flux of SRP from the pore water to the overlying water across the SWI played a key role in the control of SRP release from sediments to the overlying water by the ZrMZ amendment. Results of this work indicate that ZrMZ is a very promising amendment for the control of SRP release from river sediments under static and hydrodynamic disturbance conditions.