应用腰鞭毛虫评价水体重金属污染的方法研究

鉴于腰鞭毛虫(dinoflagellates)生物毒性测试方法尚处于起步阶段,缺少各种污染物相应的毒性评价标准.利用美国海军研发的高新技术QwikLiteTM测试腰鞭毛虫发光量变化,应用腰鞭毛虫对重金属的响应关系评价水体重金属污染.结果表明,单一重金属的生物毒性Hg2+>Cu2+>Cd2+>As5+>Pb2+>Cr6+;2种、3种和4种重金属联合毒性基本以协同作用为主,个别有拮抗现象;pH对腰鞭毛虫影响不显著,可以直接将其应用于天然水体的生物毒性测试,但是pH对Hg2+和Cu2+的毒性有较大影响,测定这2类离子时需扣除pH影响;腰鞭毛虫不易受水体中营养物质影响,COD变化对腰鞭毛虫与Hg2+、Cd2+的响应关系影响显著.腰鞭毛虫对重金属污染敏感性好,响应范围窄,稳定性高,是水体重金属生物毒性测试的良好物种.

Use of Dinoflagellates as a Metal Toxicity Assessment Tool in Aquatic System

Although dinoflagellates have been used to assess biological toxicity of contaminants,this method still lacks of corresponding toxicity assessment standard.This study appraised the toxicity of selected heavy metals to dinoflagellates based on the dinoflagellates bioluminescence with QwikLite~(TM) developed by the United States Navy.The results show that single heavy metal biological toxicity is in the order: Hg~(2+)>Cu~(2+)>Cd~(2+)>As~(5+)>Pb~(2+)>Cr~(6+);Two,three and four heavy metal mixture experiments s...