车辆限行对道路和施工扬尘排放的影响

采用降尘法对道路和施工扬尘排放进行连续监测，通过限行之前和限行期间数据分析，研究了“好运北京”体育赛事期间机动车交通限行措施对道路和施工扬尘的消减情况、道路和施工扬尘对北京大气环境颗粒物的贡献率、道路和施工扬尘源占本地颗粒物排放总量的比重.结果表明，车辆限行措施对降低道路和施工扬尘的效果明显；环路限行期间降尘量平均值为0.27 g·(m²·d)^-1，限行之前1个月和限行之前7d降尘量平均值为0.81和0.59 g·(m²·d)^-1，主干道和次干道限行期间降尘量平均值为0.21 g·(m²·d)^-1，限行之前1个月和限行之前7 d降尘量平均值为0.54和0.58 g·(m²·d)^-1，道路降尘量下降了60%～70%；限行期间民用建筑施工降尘量平均值为0.27 g·(m²·d)^-1，限行之前20 d为1.15 g·(m²·d)^-1，限行期间公用建筑施工降尘量平均值为1.06 g·(m²·d)^-1，限行之前20 d为1.55 g·(m²·d)^-1，施工降尘下降30%～47%；道路和施工扬尘是北京市颗粒物污染的主要来源，其对环境PM₁₀的贡献率为21%～36%；当本地污染源PM₁₀排放量占环境总量的50%和70%时，道路和施工扬尘PM₁₀排放量分别占本地污染源的42%～72%和30%～51%.

Influence of Traffic Restriction on Road and Construction Fugitive Dust

By monitoring the road and construction dust fall continuously during the "Good Luck Beijing" sport events,the reduction of road and construction dust fall caused by traffic restriction was studied.The contribution rate of road and construction dust to particulate matter of Beijing atmosphere environment,and the emission ratio of it to total local PM_10 emission were analyzed.The results show that the traffic restriction reduces road and construction dust fall significantly.The dust fall average value of ri...