渤海滩涂沉积物中石油污染物的迁移-转化规律研究

采用紫外分光光度法对2003年夏季渤海滩涂表层沉积物和海水中石油烃含量进行了分析,探讨了海水中可溶油在滩涂沉积物中的迁移转化特征及其影响因素。结果表明,沉积物中石油烃含量在(55.8~2563.4)×10-6,平均值为555.82×10-6,与海洋沉积物质量(GB18668-2002)500×10-6相比,超标率为50%,超标倍数为1.05~5.13倍;受潮流作用和沉积环境的影响,石油烃含量自岸向海呈由低到高的分布特征;研究区是典型的淤泥质海岸带,由于其沉积物颗粒细,有机质含量高,很容易吸附石油烃;沉积物中石油烃是难生物降解的多环芳烃类。

Regulation of movement and transformation of oil in sediment on tidal flat of Bohai Bay

The oil distribution were studied based on the data of the determined samples in seawater and sediment collected on tidal flat of Baohai bay in summer, 2003. The characteristic of oil on tidal flat was discussed. The results showed that the oil content in sediment ranged from 55.810~(-6) to 2563.410~(-6), which is 1.055.13 times than the Standard of Marine Sediment Quality (GB 18668-2002). The average is 555.8210~(-6). The ratio of samples number exceeded to the standard is 50 per cent. By the effects of tidal and deposit environment, the contents of petroleum hydrocarbon in the sediment change from low to high seawards. The sediment is typical muddy, which contains very fine particles and high content of organism which easily absorbed petroleum hydrocarbon. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediment are slow biodegradation rate.