基于资源环境承载力的海岛生态系统适应性管理——以温州市洞头区为例

海岛资源环境承载力评估能够识别生态系统的胁迫因子，明确海岛资源保护与开发的阈值界限，对于管控海岛及其邻近海域生态系统的生态环境具有重要意义。本文选择用海矛盾日益突出的海岛县洞头作为研究区，基于承载力的PSR概念模型，运用GIS空间分析、多指标评价等技术方法，从人-海复合生态系统的角度构建了海岛资源环境承载力的综合评价体系，对区域海岛生态系统的恢复力、资源环境容纳能力和抗干扰能力进行了量化，获得了洞头区压力、承压和响应调节系统的空间分异格局，据此探讨了洞头区在海陆边界、自然条件、社会经济发展等方面的不确定性，进而提出了海岛生态适应性管理的策略和措施。结果表明，洞头区资源环境承载力综合评价指数介于0.5~1.7之间，总体承载状况较好，现阶段仅有12%的海域处于超载状态，未来需从缓解人类社会经济活动压力、保持资源环境承压能力和提高系统反馈调节能力三个方面出发，开展适应性管控。

Research on the management of island ecosystem based on resource and environment carrying capacity assessment: a case study in Dongtou district,Wenzhou city

Resource and environment carrying capacity assessment can reflect the compelling factors of regional ecosystem and the limits of island protection and development, which has significant meaning for the balance of islands and nearby ecosystem.In this study, we did a research in the island county, Dongtou, located in the southwestern part of Zhejiang province.Our research has constructed a comprehensive spatial evaluation model of resource and environment carrying capacity of the region based on the conceptual model of PSR and the method of GIS spatial analyst.Then the resilience ability, the capacity of resources and environment and the anti-interference ability of regional island ecosystems were quantified, and the spatial differentiation of pressure, bearing and response regulation system in Dongtou was obtained.After that, the uncertainties of land-sea border, natural and socio-economy conditions in the region were analysed, and some suggestions and countermeasures to ecosystem adaptive management were put forwrd.The results illustrate that, in the study area, the comprehensive evaluation index of resource and environment carrying capacity ranges from 0.5 to 1.7, future adaptive management should be emphasised on reducing the pressure of human activities, maintaining resources and environmental bearing capacity and improving systematic feedback regulation.