海南岛典型岸段侵蚀现状及特征分析

海南岛四周以自然岸线为主，其中砂质岸线占岸线总长度的43.1%，极易遭受侵蚀，海岸侵蚀造成的海岸坍塌、岸线后退造成的大片土地资源及滩涂流失、海防林损毁等在海南岛四周沿岸均有发生。本文通过现场调查和多年监测资料，选出七处典型侵蚀岸段，对各岸段海岸侵蚀的特点进行分析，认为海南岛不同岸段的侵蚀主导因素各不相同，主要为河口冲刷侵蚀型、热带气旋浪潮影响侵蚀型、人工构筑物影响侵蚀型和自然水动力与地形配合侵蚀型四种类型，同时根据监测资料对各岸段海岸侵蚀强度进行评价。

Analysis on the erosion status and characteristics of typical coasts in Hainan Island

Hainan island is surrounded by natural coastline and sandy coast accounts for 43.1% of the total length of shoreline, which is highly vulnerable to erosion. The coastal collapse due to coastal erosion, the loss of large areas of land resources and tidal flats shoreline retreat and the destruction of sea coastal protective forest have occurred around Hainan island coast. Based on the field investigation and monitoring data for many years, the article selects seven typical erosion coasts, and analyses the characteristics of coastal erosion in each section. It is concluded that the dominant factors of erosion in Hainan Island are different from each other. The article considers that Hainan island erosion is mainly divided into four types: estuarine erosion type, tropical cyclone wave erosion type, influence of artificial structure erosion type and natural hydrodynamics and terrain matching erosion type. According to the monitoring data, the article also valuates the erosion intensity of the monitoring coasts.