天津市近海海域人工鱼礁选址适宜性评价

鱼礁选址是人工鱼礁建设首要考虑的重要环节，科学评价分析是确保人工鱼礁建设成功的前提。本文依据影响鱼礁选址的主要因素，从海洋功能区划、海洋物理化学环境、海洋生物资源环境三方面选取了海洋功能区、水深、流速、水质、底质类型、生物资源、重要渔业水域等7项指标，运用ArcGIS技术手段，对天津市近海海域人工鱼礁投放的适宜性进行了评价，得出最适宜、较适宜及一般适宜人工鱼礁布设区域的空间分布，这三类区域所占面积分别为8.61 km2、29.78 km2和38.02 km2，其中，最适宜鱼礁投放的区域位于汉沽区营城镇蔡家堡村至大神堂村以南水深4~5 m的海域，与天津市目前已开展的人工鱼礁投礁区域相距较近；较适宜开展鱼礁投放的区域主要分布在太平镇沙井子乡以东水深9~10 m的海域及最适宜区的外围区域。实证研究结果可为天津市人工鱼礁建设提供技术支撑和参考依据，同时也为我国人工鱼礁建设适宜性评价提供借鉴。

Suitability evaluation of artificial reefs site selection in Tianjin offshore waters area

Reefs site selection is an important procedure of the artificial reefs construction.Scientific evaluation and analysis is the precondition of a successful artificial reefs construction.In this paper, on the basis of main factors influencing the location of the artificial reefs, from marine functional zoning, marine physical environment, marine resources and environment, select seven indexes including water depth, water quality, substrate type, biological resources and important fishery water area, use ArcGIS techniques to evaluate the suitability of artificial reefs setting in Tianjin offshore waters.It is concluded the spatial distribution of the most suitable, more suitable and general suitable areas of artificial reefs setting.The results show that these three areas are 8.61 km2, 29.78 km2 and 38.02 km2 respectively.Among them, the most suitable area locates in the southern ocean depth of 4~5 meters from Hangu district Yingcheng Town CAI home village to the big Shentang village area.This area is closed with artificial reefs setting before.More suitable area is mainly distributed in the east ocean of Taiping town Shajingzi Township with depth of 9~10 meters and the peripheral areas around the most suitable area.Empirical study results can provide reference and basis for artificial reefs construction.