辽东湾潮间带夏季大型底栖动物群落结构研究

在对2014年8月辽东湾潮间带10个断面采集的生物样品进行鉴定分析的基础上,采用物种多样性指数、物种丰富度指数和物种均匀度指数分析该潮间带大型底栖动物的物种多样性,运用群落聚类、MDS排序和ABC曲线分析潮间带大型底栖动物群落的结构特点,并进一步分析阐述了大型底栖动物群落特征的分布原因。调查共发现大型底栖动物85种,其中软体动物门50种;节肢动物门20种;环节动物门8种;腔肠动物门2种;棘皮动物门1种;其他动物4种。平均栖息密度和平均生物量分别为321.07个/m2和62.47 g/m2。数据分析显示,辽东湾潮间带各断面大型底栖动物群落受到不同程度的干扰,其群落特征分布主要受底质、生境、季节和人为干扰等因素影响。

Research on the community structure of summer macrobenthos in the intertidal zone of Liaodong Gulf

Based on the analysis and identification of 10 sampling sections obtained in biological samples in the intertidal zone of Liaodong Gulf in August 2014, adopt the species diversity index, species abundance index and species evenness index to analyze the diversity of species of the macrobenthos in the intertidal zone; use community clustering, MDS ranking and ABC curve to analyze the community structure characteristics of the macrobenthos in the intertidal zone, and further analyze and expound the distribution reason of community characteristics of macrobenthos. The survey finds a total of 85 species of macrobenthos, including 50 mollusks, 20 arthropods, 8 annelids, 2 coelenterates, 1 echinoderm and 4 kinds of other animals. The average population density and biomass are 321.07/m2and 62.47 g/m2. The data analysis shows that the macrobenthos community in each fracture surface of Liaodong Gulf is disturbed to different extent, and the community characteristics distribution is mainly influenced by the substrate, habitat, season and man-made interference.