强降雨对胶州湾浮游动物群落结构的影响

2012年8月2日台风达维登陆青岛,青岛市降大到暴雨(平均降水量69.9 mm)。为研究此次强降雨对胶州湾浮游动物群落结构的影响,本文利用降雨前(7月17日)和暴雨后(8月5日)采集的浮游动物样品,分析了胶州湾海域大中型浮游动物的种类组成、优势种、丰度和生物多样性等群落结构特征变化。结果表明:强降雨前后胶州湾浮游动物的种类数均为51种,但受强降雨带来的剧烈物理冲击和海洋环境快速改变的影响,强降雨后胶州湾浮游动物的平均丰度由1003.4 ind/m3下降为659.4 ind/m3。受海域地形等因素影响,不同海域所受影响程度不同,海湾东部浮游动物丰度下降趋势较西部明显,中部较湾口下降明显。同时,强降雨后浮游动物优势种更替明显,生物多样性指数略有增长。本研究可为深入了解异常极端天气对浮游动物群落结构的影响等研究提供基础资料。

Impact of rainstorm on community structure of zooplankton in Jiaozhou Bay

With the landing of typhoon DAMREY at August 2nd, there was a rainstorm in Qingdao(the average rainfall was 69.9 mm).To study the effects of the rainstorm on zooplankton community structure in Jiaozhou Bay, samples were collected before and after the rainstorm(July 17 and August 5, 2012) respectively.Community structure including species composition, abundance as well as biodiversity of zooplankton were compared and analyzed based on the samples.The results showed that, although the species number was both 51, zooplankton mean abundance decreased after the rainstorm from 1003.4 ind/m3 to 659.4 ind/m3 due to physical impacts and rapid changes of the marine environmental.Distribution pattern of zooplankton also changed obviously but unevenly related to the topographic characteristics.Zooplankton abundance declined more conspicuously in the eastern and middle part compared with that in the western part and the bay mouth area, respectively.After the rainstorm, the replacement of dominant species occurred obviously, and the diversity index increased slightly.This research may provide useful information for further investigation of the impact of the extreme weather conditions on zooplankton community.