基于生态系统的海湾综合管理框架及调控策略

海湾是相对独立、完整的生态系统，具有优越的区位和资源优势，面临巨大的开发利用需求，开发与保护问题突出。基于生态系统的综合管理（ecosystem-based management，EBM）是当前国际资源与环境综合管理的主流范式，为解决生态环境危机提供了理论和方法支持。文章在分析海湾生态系统特征和面临的生态环境问题的基础上，根据EBM相关理论和实践，提出基于生态系统的海湾综合管理应该遵循的原则、目标、综合管理框架，以及开展陆海统筹的流域-海湾空间规划，开展基于陆域土地利用的流域-海湾污染物控制，维护海湾水动力条件和保护关键生境，开展流域-海岸-海湾尺度的生态修复，建立海湾综合管理体制机制等具体调控策略，以期为我国海湾综合开发与保护提供参考。

Ecosystem-based management of bay: integrated framework and control strategies

Bay is a relatively independent and complete ecosystem with superior location and resource advantages.It faces huge utilization demands, which increase the environment pressure.Ecosystem based management (EBM) is the mainstream paradigm of resource and environment management in international, providing new theoretical for solving ecological and environmental crisis.This paper analyzed the characteristics of bay ecosystem and ecological environment problems, put forward ecosystem-based integrated management framework of bay(BEBM), including principles, goals, and specific control strategies based on the theory and practices of EBM.Control strategies included five aspects:develop integrated space planning of watershed-bay, control land-based pollution by changing land use of the watershed, maintain hydrodynamic conditions and protect key habitat, establish integrated watershed-bay management mechanism.It will provide references for bay development and protection.