湿地甲烷代谢微生物产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的研究进展

湿地作为一种独特的生态系统，是大气中重要温室气体甲烷（CH₄）的"源"，湿地CH₄的排放是CH₄的产生、传输和氧化三个过程的最终结果，其排放量与产甲烷菌（methanogens）和甲烷氧化菌（methanotrophs）的活动密切相关。本文对湿地甲烷代谢重要微生物产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的分类、特点、代谢途径、分子生态学研究现状及影响湿地产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的重要环境因子等方面进行了综述，旨在促进我国湿地产甲烷及甲烷氧化菌群的领域更加系统和深入的研究，为有效调控湿地CH₄代谢，减少CH₄排放通量提供参考。

Review on methanogens and methanotrophs metabolised by methane in wetland

Wetland, as a unique ecological system, is an important source of atmospheric methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas.Methane (CH₄) emission from the wetland is a ultimate consequence of the production, transport and oxidation of methane.Meanwhile, the methane emission from the wetland is significantly influenced by microbial activities involving methanogens and methanotrophs.In this Review, we summarize current studies on the classification, characterization, metabolic pathways, molecular ecology of methanogens and methanotrophs and related environmental factors affecting methanogens and methanotrophs in the wetland, and the objectives of this Review are to promote studies on methanogens and methanotrophs in the wetland, and further provide the scientific guidance for regulating the methane emission in the wetland.