滨海化工园区海域沉积物古菌多样性及其影响因素研究

古菌在海洋生物圈中起着极其重要的作用，影响着海洋生态系统碳、氮、硫和铁等元素的循环。海洋沉积物中拥有大量古菌，对它们的分布和多样性调查是了解其生态功能的前提和基础。采用Illumina MiSeq PE300宏基因组高通量测序技术，以浙江省椒江化工园区附近海域沉积物为研究对象，开展古菌群落进行调查研究。在8个站位中鉴定得到古菌共11门37科52属。从门水平上看，奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota)在多数站位均表现出明显优势，其相对丰度占总数的49%。其它较为丰富的门类包括泉古菌门（Crenarchaeota）、广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）、Woesearchaeota等。从属水平上看，Nitrosopumilus是最主要的优势菌属，其相对丰度占总数的48%。本次调查发现调查海域沉积环境存在较明显的空间异质性，一定程度上对古菌群落结构造成了影响。镉、铅、砷、铬、汞等重金属与一些古菌门类存在着显著相关。

Study on sedimental archaeal diversity and its correlation with environmental factors in Coastal Chemical Industry Park

Archaeal community plays an extremely important role in marine biosphere and affects the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, iron, and other elements in marine ecosystems. There are a large number of archaea in marine sediments. The investigation on their distribution and diversity lays the basis of understanding their ecological functions. In this study, the sediments of Jiaojiang Chemical Industry Park of Zhejiang Province were sampled, and metagenomic analysis based on the Illumina Miseq PE300 high throughput sequencing platform was applied to investigate the Archaea community. A total of 52 genera, 37 families, and 11 phyla of Archaea were detected from the sediments. Thaumarchaeota was the most predominant phylum, accounting for 49% of the total abundance, followed by Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and Woesearchaeota. Nitrosopumilus was the most abundant group at genus level, accounting for 48% of the total abundance. Obvious spatial heterogeneity was found in marine sedimental environment in the study area, which might have an impact on the archaeal community structure. Cadmium, lead, arsenic, chromium, mercury and other heavy metals were significantly correlated with certain archaeal phyla.