湄洲湾秀屿港污损生物生态研究

于湄州湾秀屿港进行周年海洋污损生物挂板试验。共鉴定污损生物148种，其中藻类37种、动物111种。优势种为网纹藤壶、糊斑藤壶、中胚花筒螅、上野蜾蠃蜚、长鳃麦秆虫、尖额麦秆虫、总合草苔虫、浒苔、石莼和长石莼。全年都有动物附着，绝大多数动物种类附着期在5~11月。月板动物附着生物湿重平均为571.76 g/m2，覆盖面积为20.7%，两者均以7月最大；季板平均生物湿重为3039.87 g/m2，覆盖面积为53.3%，两者均以夏季显著大于其他三季；全年板生物湿重达9347.08 g/m2，覆盖面积100%。藻类附着主要出现于冬、春和秋末的月份。全年月平均附着生物量210.84 g/m2，覆盖面积23.4%，5月份藻类生物量最大，11月份藻类覆盖面积最大。本区污损生物种类组成、优势种及附着季节特点与福建东南沿海其他近岸港湾的污损生物相比，总体上无明显差异，同属于近岸港湾污损生物群落类型。

Ecology of marine fouling organism in Xiuyu harbor,Meizhou bay,Fujian

An annual test on the marine fouling organism inXiuyu harbor, Meizhou bay. A total of 148 species of fouling organisms have been investigated, with 37 species of algae and 111 species of animals. The dominant species were Balanus reticulatus, Balanus cirratus, Tubularia mesembryanthemum, Balanus reticulatus, B.cirratus, Tubularia mesembryanthemum, Corophium uenoi, Caprella equilibra, C.penantis, Bugula neritina, Enteromorpha prolifera, Ulva lactuca and U. linza. And they foul in the whole year, most of which were from May to November. The average wet weight of the organism with the fouling animals was 571.76 g/m2 and the coverage was 20.7% each month. It was the largest in July for both. Its wet weight was 3039.87 g/m2 on average and coverage was 53.3% each season. Both of them were larger in Summer than that in the other seasons. And it was 9347.08 g/m2 for the wet weight and 100% coverage in the whole year. Fouling algae mainly appears in the winter, spring and the end autumn. The average annual biomass attached 210.84 g/m2, with the coverage of 23.4%, The biomass of the algae was the largest in May and in November for the coverage. There was no obvious difference in the fouling organism species composition, dominant species and the fouling seasonal characteristics, compared with that in the other offshore harbors along the southeast coast of Fujian. They also the coastal harbor fouling organisms' community types.