胶州湾海岸带表层沉积物中典型喹诺酮类抗生素污染特征研究

本研究对胶州湾海岸带表层沉积物中吡哌酸、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、洛美沙星、沙拉沙星、恶喹酸和氟甲喹8种喹诺酮类抗生素的含量以及分布特征进行分析探讨。结果表明，研究区域内36个站点均检测到喹诺酮类抗生素，含量范围在0.48×10-9~47.54×10-9，平均含量为8.45×10-9，含量最高点出现在人口、医院密集的市区附近海域。研究区中恶喹酸检出率最高，可达94.44%，其平均含量为0.89×10-9，这与恶喹酸在水产养殖中广泛使用有关。洋河河口站点平均含量（8.91×10-9）高于大沽河口（3.74×10-9），且其个别站点沉积物的喹诺酮抗生素总含量高达20.32×10-9；红岛码头区沉积物中喹诺酮抗生素总含量均达到6.00×10-9以上，检出四种喹诺酮类抗生素；湾口养殖基地周边沉积物中检测出喹诺酮抗生素种类较多，总含量为11.12×10-9，可见胶州湾海岸带已明显受到喹诺酮类抗生素污染。然而与其他海岸带及我国典型河流沉积物中喹诺酮类抗生素污染相比，胶州湾表层沉积物中喹诺酮抗生素含量较低，处于低污染水平，但个别站位污染种类较多、含量偏高，应引起相关部门重视，合理规划海洋功能区，加强环湾环境保护。

Investigation on the typical quinolone antibiotics in the surface sediments of Jiaozhou bay,China

The objective of this investigation is to analyze the concentration and distribution characteristic of 8 quinolone antibiotics (QNs) in the surface sediments from Jiaozhou bay seashore. The 8 QNs include pipemidic acid, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, lomefloxacin, sarafloxacin, oxolinic acid and flumequine. The results indicated that QNs were detected in all the sites and the total concentration ranged from 0.48×10-9 to 47.54×10-9 with an average concentration of 8.45×10-9. The highest concentration of the sites was near the densely hospitals and populated areas. Oxolinic acid was detected in 94.44% of all sites with the average concentration of 0.89 ×10-9. It implied that oxolinic acid residue is related to its widespread use in aquaculture industry. The average concentration of the sediments in Yang River estuary (8.91×10-9) was higher than that in Dagu River estuary (3.74×10-9). Furthermore, sites in Red Island Wharfs were with the total concentration of 6.00×10-9 above while the breeding areas were with the concentration of 11.12×10-9. Thus, it indicated that the study area has been polluted by the QNs. Compared with the sediments from other seas and rivers all over the world, the concentration of QNs in sediments from Jiaozhou bay were relatively low. However, much more attention should be paid as high concentration and detection frequency of QNs were occurred in the study area.