黄河入海口沉积物脂肪烃的分布特征及源解析

为探讨黄河流域生态环境变化对莱州湾生态环境的影响，本研究分析测试了黄河入海口70 cm沉积物柱状样的总有机质参数、脂肪烃组成及含量。 结果表明:1968年前，黄河入海口沉积物中有机质含量较低，陆源高等植物源有机质和人类活动源石油烃在沉积物有机质中的占比都较低，藻类、细菌源有机质为沉积物有机质的主要来源；1968－2001年，黄河入海口沉积物中有机质含量逐年增高，沉积物中陆源有机质和人类活动源石油烃含量都呈增长趋势；2001－2010年，黄河入海口沉积物中有机质含量较低，其中，藻类、细菌源有机质占比增大，人类活动源的石油烃污染仍然明显；2010年后，黄河入海口沉积物中有机质含量又呈增高趋势，且沉积物中陆源有机质和人类活动源石油烃含量也呈增长趋势。综上所述，黄河入海口区域有机质污染程度较轻，沉积物有机质呈自然源和人类活动源混合输入特征，其中，人类活动源石油烃是该区域有机质污染的主要来源。

Spatial distribution and source analysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments of the Yellow River Estuary

In order to study the impact of ecological environment change in the Yellow River watershed on the ecological environment of Laizhou Bay, the total organic matter parameters, the composition and content of aliphatic hydrocarbon in the sediment core (70 cm) of the Yellow River Estuary were analyzed and measured. The results show that organic matter content of sediments was low, and the proportion of organic matter from terrestrial higher plants and petroleum hydrocarbons derived human activities in sediment organic matter was low, and marine algae, animal and bacterial organic matter were the main sources of organic matter content in the sediment core of the Yellow River Estuary before 1968. From 1968 to 2001, the organic matter content in sediments of Yellow River Estuary increased year by year, and the content of terrestrial organic matter and petroleum hydrocarbons derived human activity in the sediments increased. From 2001 to 2010, the organic matter content in the sediments of Yellow River Estuary was low, in which the proportion of organic matter from algae and bacteria increased, and the pollution of petroleum hydrocarbon derived human activities was still obvious. After 2010, the organic matter content in the sediments of Yellow River Estuary showed an increasing trend, and the content of terrestrial organic matter and petroleum hydrocarbons derived human activity in the sediments also showed an increasing trend. In conclusion, the degree of organic pollution in the Yellow River Estuary area is relatively light, the sediment organic matter is a mixed sources of natural and human activity input, and the petroleum hydrocarbon derived human activities is the main source of aliphatic hydrocarbon pollution in the Yellow River estuary.