海洋溢油环境损害基线判定参照点位法初探及案例应用

本文参考其他生态系统常用的基线判定方法，研究探讨了海洋溢油环境损害参照点位基线判定方法，分析并提出了海域溢油环境损害参照点位筛选指标体系，并以山东省青岛市“11?22”中石化东黄输油管道泄漏爆炸事故为案例进行了应用。经对比验证，筛选出的参照点位得出的损害基线与案例实际历史监测数据接近，参照点位的状态能够代表评估区域溢油发生前的环境状态，这表明通过该指标体系筛选的参照点位可以用于损害基线的判定，建立的溢油环境损害参照点位筛选指标体系比较科学、有效；筛选体系所用指标常见且易于获得，指标体系在实践中具有较强的可操作性。

Preliminary study and case application of reference condition approach for baseline determination of environmental damage caused by marine oil spill

Referring to the baseline assessment methods commonly used in other ecosystems, this paper studied and discussed the baseline assessment methods of the reference points for environmental damage caused by marine oil spill, and analyzed and put forward the indicators system of screening the reference site for environmental damage caused by marine oil spill. The "11?22" Sinopec Donghuang oil pipeline leakage and explosion accident in Qingdao city, Shandong province were taken as an example for application. Through comparison and verification, the environmental damage baseline obtained from the selected reference sites is close to the actual historical monitoring data of the case. The selected reference sites can represent the environmental state before the occurrence of oil spill in the assessment area, indicating that the reference sites screened by the established indicator system can be applied to the determination of damage baseline. The established screening indicator system of environmental damage by oil spill is relatively scientific and effective, the indicators used in the screening system are common and easy to obtain, and the indicator system has strong operability in practice.