粤东近岸海域表层沉积物重金属污染评价及来源解析

为了解粤东近岸海域表层沉积物重金属的空间分布、污染程度、生态风险和潜在来源，对粤东近岸海域153个表层沉积物样本中重金属（Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg和As）含量的分布特征进行分析，采用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对粤东近岸海域表层沉积物重金属污染状况和潜在生态危害程度进行评价，利用相关性分析和主成分分析方法，结合重金属排放特点解析了重金属污染物的主要来源。结果表明，7种重金属含量均不同程度超过了背景值，入海河口及其附近区域是重金属的主要富集区。地累积指数的评价结果显示，各重金属污染程度为Pb>Cu>Hg>Zn>Cr>As>Cd。潜在生态危害指数评价结果表明，粤东近岸海域表层沉积物重金属整体表现为中等程度的生态风险，Hg和Cd是主要的贡献因子，需加强监测。分析表明，粤东近岸海域表层沉积物中重金属主要来自电子垃圾拆解、化石燃料燃烧、涉重金属企业排放、农业生产活动和船舶排污。

Pollution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in coastal surface sediments of eastern Guangdong province

In order to understand the pollution characteristics, ecological risk, and potential sources of heavy metals in surface sediments along coast of eastern Guangdong province, the contents of heavy metals (Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg and As) in surface sediments along coast of eastern Guangdong province were analyzed, and the pollution status and potential ecological risk degree of heavy metals in the sediments were evaluated by geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index, The potential sources of heavy metal pollutants were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis combined with the characteristics of heavy metal emissions. The results showed that the contents of seven heavy metals all exceeded the background value at different degrees, and the estuary and its vicinity were the main enrichment areas for heavy metals. The results of geo-accumulation index showed that the pollution degree of heavy metals was Pb > Cu > Hg > Zn > Cr > As > Cd. The evaluation results of potential ecological hazard index showed that the heavy metals in the surface sediments of the coastal waters of eastern Guangdong are generally moderate ecological hazards, Hg and Cd are major contribution factors and monitoring should be strengthened. The comprehensive analysis shows that the heavy metals in surface sediments of coastal areas in eastern Guangdong province were mainly derived from e-waste dismantling, fossil fuel combustion, heavy metal enterprise emissions, agricultural production activities and ship emissions