辽宁营口滨海湿地春季迁徙期水鸟现状评价

2016－2020年连续对营口滨海湿地春季迁徙期水鸟种类和数量进行了调查监测。5年的长期调查监测共记录到水鸟4目8科39种，其中鸻鹬类、鸥类及雁鸭类（共占记录物种总数的92.31%）是构成营口滨海湿地春季迁徙期水鸟的主要类群。年际间水鸟种类和数量总体呈增加趋势，翘鼻麻鸭（Tadorna tadorna）、斑尾塍鹬（Limosa lapponica）、黑尾塍鹬（Limosa limosa）、大杓鹬（Numenius madagascariensis）、环颈鸻（Charadrius alexandrinus）、黑腹滨鹬（Calidris alpina）6种优势种处于动态变化之中。记录到的39种水鸟都被列入国内外有关保护条例，且分布达到全球种群评估数量1%的濒危大杓鹬、易危黑嘴鸥（Saundersilarus saundersi）、翘鼻麻鸭、环颈鸻、黑尾塍鹬、斑尾塍鹬、黑腹滨鹬7种水鸟，表明营口滨海湿地及水鸟具有国际重要保护价值。为更好地保护营口滨海湿地水鸟及其栖息地，建议尽早在目前未受保护的营口滨海湿地新建国家公园、自然保护区或自然公园，或纳入生态保护红线；并将营口滨海湿地申报列入《国际重要湿地名录》。

Waterfowl resource assessment during spring migration in Yingkou coastal wetland,China

Annual continuous surveys of waterfowl resource in Yingkou coastal wetland were carried out during spring migration of 2016－2020. According to the long-term monitoring, a total of 39 waterfowl species belonging to 4 orders and 8 families were found. Shorebirds, gulls and ducks, accounting for 92.31% of the total species, had emerged as the main groups in spring migration period. Both waterfowl species and individual numbers showed an increasing trend from 2016 to 2020. Six dominant species, Tadorna tadorna, Limosa lapponica, Limosa limosa, Numenius madagascariensis, Charadrius alexandrinus and Calidris alpina, were under dynamic changing among different years. All of the 39 waterfowl species recorded in Yingkou coastal wetland have been listed in domestic and foreign conservation regulations. Further, this wetland was found to be very important for the survival of the endangered Numenius madagascariensis, vulnerable Saundersilarus saundersi, Tadorna tadorna, Charadrius alexandrinus, Limosa limosa, Limosa lapponica and Calidris alpina, with species population exceed 1% of global or flyway population. These results indicate that Yingkou coastal wetland has the great value for protection. Thus, this unprotected wetland should be well protected through designating new protected area or putting into ecological conservation redline, and be a name on the List of Ramsar wetlands of international importance as soon as possible, for better conservation of waterfowls and their habitat.