铁山港海草生态区水体自净能力与水、生、化之间的关系

利用2008年1月～11月间对铁山港湾海草生态区进行的4个季节全面调查所获取的数据资料,首次探讨了该生态区水体自净能力与水动力特征及生物、化学因子之间的关系。结果表明:研究海区之所以具有较强的水体自净能力,其一与该海区具有强潮型的往复流水动力特征有关,在水体自净过程中起主导控制作用;其二与海区具有适宜的水温、快速的复氧能力、富足的溶解氧(DO)水平、最适合好氧微生物繁殖生长的环境条件有关,明显偏低的总有机碳(TOC)含量和丰富的总氮(TN)储量是有机物获得快速降解、营养盐获得快速再生、化学净化能力较强的重要体现;其三与生物链作用所体现的生化过程影响有关,DO含量与生物因子多呈显著以上负相关的季节变化特征以及三种形态N与生物因子在不同季节显示的相关性以事实佐证了这一点;而富足的TN储量、显著偏低的溶解无机氮(DIN)含量与繁盛的浮游动植物生物量及丰富的生物多样性同时出现的特征,正是研究海区具有较强生物净化能力的综合体现。与化学净化能力相比,生物净化能力显示出更强的优势,具有海草生态区的水体自净特点。

Relations of water self-purify ability with water dynamics,biological and chemical factor in sea-grass bed ecosystem in Tieshan Bay

Based on the data obtained in Tieshan Bay sea-grass bed ecosystem during Jan to Nov.2008,the relations of the water self-purify ability with water dynamics,biological and chemical factors were studied.The results showed that there were three reasons for the high self-purify ability of water in sea-grass bed ecosystem.The first,the water dynamics in this sea area were strong tide and reciprocating which serves most to the high self-purify ability of water.The second,In the environment of the sea area there are the proper temperature,affluent dissolved oxygen,high ability of oxygen recovery which helped to breeding and growth of aerobe.The obvious low TOC and affluent TN was reflection of rapid degradation of organics,rapid regeneration of nutrient and high chemical purification ability.The third is the impact of biological chain in this sea area.The significant negative correlation between DO and biological factors helped to prove that.Affluent TN,obvious low DIN,prosperous zooplankton,prosperous phytoplankton and rich biodiversity were comprehensive embody of high biological purification ability in this sea area.The comparison of chemical purification ability and biological purification showed the stronger advantages.