喹诺酮类抗生素在莱州湾及主要入海河流中的含量和分布特征

采用固相萃取、高效液相色谱/串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)分析了莱州湾及主要入海河流水体中的5种典型喹诺酮类抗生素药物的含量,并对其来源进行了初步探讨。结果显示,人兽共用的诺氟沙星、环丙沙星和依诺沙星在河水中广泛存在,具有80%以上的检出率和较高的含量(99～120 ng/L)。同时它们在海水中亦具有很高检出率(>88%),但含量(31～62 ng/L)明显低于河流中含量,表明河流输入是莱州湾抗生素污染的一个重要来源。不同喹诺酮药物在河水与海水中的稀释比相差较大,可能存在河流之外的其它污染源或药物间迁移转化特征存在差异。河流之间化合物组成差异较大,反应出污染类型的差异。虞河、堤河中环丙沙星和诺氟沙星比重较大(>75%)可能受养殖业的影响较重,而小清河、白浪河中依诺沙星和诺氟沙星比重较大(>78%)则可能受生活污水的影响更大。

Concentrations and spatial distributions of selected quinolones antibiotics in Laizhou Bay and main rivers flowing into the bay

The occurrence and distribution of quinolones antibiotics in Laizhou bay and main rivers flowing into the bay were studied using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).The results showed that norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin and enoxacin were detected with high frequencies(more than 80%) and high concentrations(31~120 ng/L) both in the river water and the sea water.The concentration of each antibiotic in the rivers was significantly higher than their corresponding values in the bay,indicating a river discharge source.The dilution factors for different compounds from these rivers to Laizhou Bay showed relatively large difference,which may possibly suggest that there were other sources for some antibiotics in Laizhou Bay or these compounds had different fate in environment.Compound compositions in rivers were much different,which may indicate that there were different pollution source for various rivers.High proportion of enoxacin and norfloxacin in Yuhe River and Dihe River may mainly associated with breeding wastewater,while high proportion of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin maybe more related to domestic sewage.