黄河三角洲潮间带底栖动物群落结构分析及环境质量评价

2010年5月与8月对黄河三角洲湿地7个潮间带断面的大型底栖动物进行了定量调查,研究了其物种组成、生物量、栖息密度、优势种等群落结构特征,并采用大型底栖动物污染指数(MPI)对该区域环境质量进行了评价。调查中共获得大型底栖动物33种,隶属于软体动物(16种)、甲壳动物(9种)、多毛类环节动物(4种)、鱼类(2种)和腕足动物(1种);优势度指数较高,群落优势种较为集中,主要为光滑河蓝蛤、彩虹明樱蛤、泥螺、托氏昌螺、短文蛤、拟沼螺、双齿围沙蚕、日本刺沙蚕和四角蛤蜊;栖息密度和生物量分别为692.30/m2和658.94 g/m2,因季节及环境状况差异而不同;由MPI评价结果可知,黄河三角洲湿地潮间带总体为清洁和轻度污染,环境质量良好。

Community characteristics of macrozoobenthos and environmental quality assessment in intertidal zone of the Huanghe Delta

In order to understand the community characteristics of macrozoobenthic fauna and environmental quality of tideland in intertidal zone of the Huanghe Delta,twice survey was made at 7 sections of the zone in May and August 2010,with the species composition,biomass,inhabit density,dominant species and macrozoobenthos pollution index(MPI) value of macrozoobenthic fauna investigated,and the environmental quality analyzed.A total of 33 macrozoobenthos species were recorded,including 16 species Mollusc,9 species Crustacea,4 species annelid polychaete,2 species fish and 1 species Brachiopoda.The dominance index was higher,and the dominant species were very concentrated as they consist of Potamocorbula laevis,Moerella iridescens,Bullacta exarata,Umbonium thomasi,Meretrix pethechialis,Assiminea sp.,Perinereis aibuhitensis,Neathes japonica and Mactra veneriformis.The inhabit density and biomass of macrozoobenthos were 692.30 /m2 and 658.94 g/m2 respectively,and they were affected by season and the environmental conditions.The environmental quality assessed using MPI showed that the environmental quality of tideland in intertidal zone of the Huanghe Delta was clean and slightly polluted.