辽东湾表层沉积物重金属污染特征及潜在生态危害评价

为了解辽东湾海域表层沉积物重金属的污染特征，利用原子吸收分光光度法及原子荧光法测定了辽东湾33个站位表层沉积物中Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr、Zn及As共7种重金属的含量，同时应用地累积指数法及潜在生态风险评价法对辽东湾海域进行了污染程度及潜在生态风险评价。结果表明:（1）重金属相关性及主因子分析表明，辽东湾表层沉积物中Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Cd、As和Hg可能具有同一污染源；（2）辽东湾海域表层沉积物中Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr、Zn、As的平均质量浓度分别为0.09、18.81、20.55、0.35、34.15、52.94、5.84 mg/kg；（3）重金属污染程度由高到低依次为:Cd > Hg > Cu > Pb > Zn > As > Cr；（4）单个重金属生态风险由高到低依次为:Hg > Cd > As > Cu > Pb > Cr > Zn，研究海域除锦州湾13号站位附近具有很高的生态风险外，其他海域生态风险处于轻微或中等生态危害水平。

Heavy metals in the surface sediment of Liaodong bay and their potential ecological risk

In order to understand the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments of Liaodong bay, the concentrations of heavy metals including Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, As in 33 samples were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometric.The index of geoaccumulation and the potential ecological risk index were then employed to evaluate the pollution degree and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments.The results indicate that the average contents of Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, As in Liaodong bay are 0.09, 18.81, 20.55, 0.35, 34.16, 52.94, 5.84 mg/kg, respectively.The pollution level of heavy metals in sediment by geoaccumulation index (I_geo) follows the order:Cd > Hg > Cu > Pb > Zn > As > Cr.The potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments by the potential ecological risk factors (Eri) follows the order:Hg > Cd > As > Cu > Pb > Cr > Zn.The potential ecological risk of most study area is in the low and medium level, except for 13 stations in the Jinzhou Bay which is in the relatively severe level.