Effect of ammonium sulfate and urea on PCDD/F formation from active carbon and possible mechanism of inhibition |
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| Authors: | Mi Yan Zhifu Qi Jie Yang Xiaodong Li Jianli Ren and Zhang Xu |
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| Institution: | Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
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| Abstract: | The effect of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) and urea (CO(NH2)2) on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) formation fromactive carbonwas investigated in this study. Both additives could significantly inhibit PCDD/F formation, and PCDD/F (TEQ) generation was reduced to 98.5% (98%) or 64.5% (77.2%) after 5% (NH4)2SO4 or CO(NH2)2 was added into model ash, respectively. The inhibition efficiency of PCDDs was higher than the value of PCDFs, however, the reduction of PCDD/F yield wasmainly fromPCDFs decreasing. In addition, the solid-phase products were reduced more than the gas-phase compounds by inhibitors. By the measurement of chlorine emission in the phase of ion (ClCl-]) andmolecule gas (ClCl2]), it was observed that both ClCl-] and ClCl2] were reduced after inhibitors were added into ash. ClCl2] was reduced to 51.0% by urea addition, which was supposed as one possible mechanismof PCDD/F inhibition. |
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| Keywords: | Inhibition PCDD/Fs Ammonium sulfate Urea Chlorine emission |
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