Disinfection byproducts and halogen-specific total organic halogen speciation in chlorinated source waters – The impact of iopamidol and bromide |
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摘 要: | This study investigated the speciation of halogen-specific total organic halogen and disinfection byproducts(DBPs) upon chlorination of natural organic matter(NOM) in the presence of iopamidol and bromide(Br~-).Experiments were conducted with low bromide source waters with different NOM characteristics from Northeast Ohio,USA and varied spiked levels of bromide(2-30 μmol/L) and iopamidol(1-5 μmol/L).Iopamidol was found to be a direct precursor to trihalomethane(THM) and haloacetic acid formation,and in the presence of Br~-favored brominated analogs.The concentration and speciation of DBPs formed were impacted by iopamidol and bromide concentrations,as well as the presence of NOM.As iopamidol increased the concentration of iodinated DBPs(iodo-DBPs) and THMs increased.However,as Br~-concentrations increased,the concentrations of nonbrominated iodo-and chloro-DBPs decreased while brominated-DBPs increased.Regardless of the concentration of either iopamidol or bromide,bromochloroiodomethane(CHBrClI) was the most predominant iodo-DBP formed except at the lowest bromide concentration studied.At relevant concentrations of iopamidol(1 μmol/L) and bromide(2 μmol/L),significant quantities of highly toxic iodinated and brominated DBPs were formed.However,the rapid oxidation and incorporation of bromide appear to inhibit iodoDBP formation under conditions relevant to drinking water treatment.
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收稿时间: | 2019/8/6 0:00:00 |
Disinfection byproducts and halogen-specific total organic halogen speciation in chlorinated source waters-The impact of iopamidol and bromide |
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Authors: | Nana Osei B Ackerson Hannah K Liberatore Michael J Plew Susan D Richardson Thomas A Ternes Stephen E Duirk |
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Institution: | Department of Civil Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;Department of Crop Sciences and Safe Global Water Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,IL 61801, USA;Federal Institute of Hydrology(BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Germany |
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Abstract: | |
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Keywords: | Iopamidol Total organic halogen (TOX) Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) Chlorine Natural organic matter (NOM) pH |
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